The Astronomical Observatory of Mongolia is presented. Besides a heritage steeped in rich culture and tradition, Mongolia offers endless steppes and blue skies of such intensity that they gave the country its name. This astronomically advantageous feature, the high level of education and motivation among its young inhabitants, plus the fact that there are few observatories in Central Asia, make Mongolia a very suitable place for astronomical observations.

Archeologically valuable items and remains that have, somehow, been buried or removed from their original places are the subject of geophysical surveys. Magnetic and horizontal loop electromagnetic (HLEM) methods have been used to locate and limit anomalous regions over large areas. Magnetic dataarepresentedherewithoutapplyinganymodellingprocessother thansimple cleaningofoutlines. Median filter and three-point averaging have been applied to the HLEM data and ratios of measurements parallel and perpendicular to survey lines are presented as maps of the survey area. Results show that different processing techniques produce helpful information, validating the use of different methods overancient monument areasin Mongolia

Abstract. We obtained the Hα images of some solar active regions and prominences. Our astronomical observatory has the telescope-coronagraph which was equipped with the birefringent Halle Hα filter and CCD camera Apogee U4 (2048x2048 pixels). This paper presents multifractal spectra of images of some solar active regions in Hα line obtained with the coronagraph. The Pointwise Hoelder exponents (α) and Hausdorff spectrum fn (α) for a part of chromosphere with active region and without it, have been obtained. It is visible, that curves fn (α) for quiet and active regions of chromosphere differ very strongly. In particular, fn (α) for region with a sunspot and flare has very complicated form, and for region with filament the curves do not considerably differ from quiet chromosphere. The multifractal spectrum of quiet chromosphere shows that the quiet chromosphere is very well described by fractals with different dimensions. We analyze this result.

No abstract

In this paper the basic researches, telescopes and devices of the Khurel Togoot astronomical observatory, which was founded during the International Geophysical Year, are briefly described. Our astronomical observatory is located on Bogd Mountain near the capital city Ulaanbaatar. Almost 50 years of scientific work has been carried out there. In particular, astrometric researches, GPS, solar researches and observations of minor planets are conducted. Now these scientific researches basically are maintained and extended, with the introduction of modern technology. As an example of the data received by our solar telescope ‘Coronagraph’, some solar images will be shown. Recently we equipped this telescope with a CCD camera. Because of the transformation of the economy in Mongolia, there are at present difficulties with the preparation of young professional astronomers and with the purchase of new astronomical equipment.