A new computer-oriented method for the timedomain analysis of networks with internally controlled ideal switches is presented. No assumptions are made about the continuity of the circuit response at the switching instants; even Dirac impulses are permitted. In fact, it is shown that Dirac impulses must be considered for the analysis of some switched networks, even though they may only be present for intermediate steps of the analysis. Several topological changes may be needed at each switching instant to ensure that the topology after switching is valid.The theories have been implemented in a computer program SWANN. The network equations are generated with a two-graph modified nodal analysis technique, rather than the state equation formulation. Various internally controlled switches are permitted, such as the ideal diode, thyristor, and voltage and current controlled switches. Numerical results show the generality and accuracy of the method on three switched networks.' In general, if there are I switching elements, there will be 2' different 1057-7122/92$03.00 0 1992 IEEE

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SUMMARYIdeal switches are rarely modelled in network analysis because inconsistent conditions can occur at the instant of switching. This causes standard integration routines to fail. If the initial conditions can be determined, the use of ideal switches can considerably speed up analysis and can make the results easier to understand. This paper, partly a review, presents a method which can handle ideal switching, inconsistent initial conditions, Dirac impulses and signals with discontinuities. It is applicable to networks containing linear or non-linear elements.

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