Metastasis to the skin from carcinoma arising in other organs is uncommon, yet it may be the first presentation of neoplastic disease. The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma has been rapidly rising and now accounts for at least half of esophageal carcinomas. Cutaneous metastases of esophageal adenocarcinoma are extremely rare; less than 1 % of patients with metastatic disease have cutaneous involvement. We reported a rare cutaneous cheek metastasis from an adenocarcinoma in an 81-year-old white man, who was excised, and the defect repaired with a reverse cervicofacial flap. Subsequent investigations, based on the result of the pathological anatomy, detected the primary tumor in the esophagus, despite no symptoms. Although cancer of internal organs rarely presents with skin metastases, any suspicious lesions with rapid growth should be ruled out as their metastatic origin. We reported a case and reviewed the clinical characteristics of the few patients reported on the literature. Level of Evidence: Level V, diagnostic study
INTRODUCTION
The present study compares ultimate tensile strength, gap strength (2, 4, 6 mm), distortion time and breaking time in a new flexor tendon suture, to a conventional technique.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The flexor digitorum profundus tendons of 40 porcine forelimbs were repaired. The biomechanical analysis was carried out in a universal testing machine applying a constant speed. Tenotomy gap, the force applied and the rupture point were analysed.
RESULTS
The ultimate tensile strength, and 4 and 6 mm gap strength were significantly higher with the new technique compared with the conventional 4-strand cruciate technique.
CONCLUSIONS
The new technique is a higher provider of repair strength during early active mobilization when compared with the conventional 4-strand cruciate technique. These findings suggest that this new suture can be considered a biomechanically favourable technique for the repair of flexor tendon lacerations.
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