Currently, there is a slowdown in oil production, which contributes to higher prices for liquid motor fuel. In this regard, the next 60-70 years alternative of natural gas on transport won't be. In low ambient temperature conditions operation of cars on gas fuel becomes complicated, its consumption increases, and emissions of harmful substances change. In addition, a variety of vehicles in different ways adapted to the low ambient temperature.Currently, both in Russia and abroad there are no mentioned works, the main aim of which is to establish the relationships of low temperature influence on fuel consumption and harmful substance emissions of vehicles. Also there are no works estimating adaptability level of gas cylinder vehicles during the work on compressed natural and liquefied oil gas for these operating conditions. Assessment of gas cylinder vehicles adaptability levels to low ambient temperature operation conditions by fuel consumption and harmful substance emissions is the purpose of this paper.A space-time approach to assessing vehicles adaptability levels for low ambient temperature was used. The work included the carrying out of theoretical operational, bench and control tests. Distribution of vehicles on adaptability levels for low ambient temperature operation conditions became the main results of research. On the basis of these results we can draw conclusions about what brands, models of vehicles, with which gas fuel supply system, during the work on what gas fuel (the compressed natural and liquefied petroleum gas) are more adapted for use in low ambient temperature from the point of view of changes of fuel consumption and of harmful substances emission in the exhaust gases.

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Abstract. The paper reviews a relevant problem of providing a higher quality of people's living in the northern regions by the application of the modern technologies within transport in order to improve its environmental performance and efficiency. The aim of the research is to substantiate methods of increasing the adaptability of vehicles to variable low-temperature operating conditions based on a neural control system of preheating and maintaining the optimum temperature of technological fluids by SHF radiation and improving diesel fuel properties by introducing a multifunctional additive. It has been found that SHF radiation influences the physical and chemical parameters of diesel fuel, as well as the engine output parameters. SHF radiation results in a reduction of fuel consumption to 7%, smoke from the exhaust to 15%, and nitrogen oxide emission to 30%. A conclusion is made that using SHF radiation for technological fuel preheating is essential. An approach has been developed that improves low-temperature properties of diesel fuels and increases engine operation efficiency under severe climatic conditions by introducing a multifunctional additive. The additive will enable a significant decrease in fuel consumption under low-temperature operating conditions and a complex improvement of fuel properties.

Nowadays the world energy consumption continuously increases due to various human-related activities. Increasing energy efficiency and decarbonizing the economic development, especially with measures aimed at the most energy-intensive sectors (industry, buildings, and mobility) is therefore a way towards the "eco-sustainable" community. The energy efficiency improving has environmental implications as it results in a reduction of the atmosphere polluting emissions. For the GHG (and in particular for the carbon dioxide) it is necessary to study and to analyze the so-called "negative technologies" -technologies that allow a carbon dioxide concentrations reduction. Considering the strategies in order to limit the climate change and to improve the air quality, it is necessary to assess the impacts of both these phenomena and therefore to identify synergies (win -win) and avoiding solutions that improve one of the two phenomena and worsen the other one (win -lose). The aim of this work is to analyze the opportunities of the "negative technologies" application for the climate change mitigation and to formulate the hypothesis of mobility modification using methods for the fuel consumption reduction. The negative technologies were studied from a technological point of view analyzing the potential advantages and disadvantages and stressing the technical challenge. The new approach for reduction of environmental and climatic impacts of vehicle operation on the environment by changes in the albedo of a vehicle roof is suggested. The proposed method allows to reduce the fuel consumption and greenhouse gases emission while idle with the engine running. The cost-effective modification in fuel quality using the microdose of the developed surface-active additive enables to reduce the specific fuel consumption dramatically, and substantially improves the environmental characteristics of vehicles operation. The combination of the proposed methods provides the opportunity for significant reduction of the GNG and toxic substances emissions by motor transport.