Aim. To evaluate long-term results of haemorrhoidal artery ligation with mucopexy by digital examination to compare with traditional HAL-RAR procedure in surgical treatment haemorrhoidal disease (HD) II-III stage. Material and Methods. The controlled randomized trial included 150 patients with II-III stage of HD: patients in the study group (n=75) were operated using digital palpation with mucopexy, in the control group we used HAL-RAR technique. The primary endpoint was recurrence of main symptoms. Secondary endpoints: patient satisfaction and discomfort, pain intensity, prolapse of haemorrhoidal piles and rectal bleeding. Results.The groups did not differ in gender, age, body mass index, stage and symptoms of haemorrhoidal disease. During 12 month follow-up there are no difference in prolapse of haemorrhoidal piles (p=0,49), patient satisfaction (p=0,95), discomfort (p=0,67). Complaint of periodic bleeding in the groups : 5,3% and 17,3%, respectively (р=0,037). Recurrence developed: the study group- 8(10,6%), the control group- 22(29,3%), respectively( p=0,037). During 18 month follow-up the groups did not differ in patients satisfaction (p=0,95), discomfort(p=0,89), but the rate of haemorrhoidal prolapse was significantly higher in first group,16,3%, and 13,5% in the second group (p=0,045); bleeding 10,2% and 15,4%, respectively( p=0,86). Open hemorrhoidectomy was performed 2 (2,6%) in the study group and 4(5,3%) patients in the control group (p=0,86) as a result of relapse of haemorrhoidal prolapse. Conclusion. Ligation of HA with combination of mucopexy without ultrasound guidance is safety, easy reproducible technique, comparable in effectiveness of HAL-RAR in long-term results. This procedure can be recommended for surgical treatment of hemorrhoids II-III stage.

BACKGROUND: Pilonidal disease is the 4th most common disease among inpatient coloproctological patients and surgery remains the gold standard of its treatment. However, patients with pilonidal disease often have combined conditions with other follicular occlusion diseases which are most often encountered by dermatologists in their practice. In most cases it is difficult to treat follicular occlusion syndrome with pilonidal disease within one specialty. We demonstrate the complexity of follicular occlusion diseases diagnostics in combination with pilonidal disease, systemize the diagnostic protocol for patient management and present the treatment strategy for coloproctologists. CLINICAL CASE DESCRIPTION: There was one case of patient with pilonidal disease combined with other conditions of follicular occlusion syndrome noted in the clinic of coloproctology and minimally invasive surgery. Surgery was the first step. There were no complications in the early postoperative period. After hospital discharge, the patient was consulted by a dermatologist, and local and systemic conservative therapy was prescribed for concomitant diseases, which resulted in a significant improvement. There have been no recent reports of recurrence. CONCLUSION: The treatment of follicular occlusion syndrome with pilonidal disease requires a multidisciplinary approach. At the same time the optimal treatment for pilonidal disease is radical excision of all altered tissues. In cases of such diseases as hidradenitis suppurativa, acne conglobata, dissecting cellulitis of the scalp treatment should be comprehensive and begin with a dermatologist consultation.

Hemorrhoidal disease (HD) is a pathological enlargement of the external and/or internal hemorrhoidal piles, which may be accompanied by the bleeding and prolapse of haemorrhoids outside the anal canal. The incidence of HD among the population of the Russian Federation is 130–145 patients per 1000 people, occurring mainly in patients 45–65 years old. Among all coloproctological diseases in Russia, haemorrhoids became the reason for visiting a coloproctologist in 35–41.9% of cases. In outpatient department, the disease occurs with a frequency of 694 per 100,000 population. The treatment of hemorrhoids often begins at the coloproctologist’s office during outpatient visits. Typical clinical presentations of hemorrhoids include a complex of symptoms: periodic rectal bleeding during defecation, prolapsed hemorrhoids requiring manual reduction. Pain and itching are much less common symptoms. The treatment of hemorrhoidal disease consists of a complex of conservative measures, minimally invasive and surgical treatments, or a combination of above methods. Systemic phlebotropic drugs that affect various pathogenesis links of hemorrhoidal disease hold one of the first rightful places at the very core of modern conservative therapy regimens. Phlebotropic drugs are a large group of biologically active substances that are products of chemical synthesis or plant processing. The venotonic drugs containing flavonoids diosmin and hesperidin are the most studied ones. Various effects of diosmin and hesperidin from anti-ulcerogenic and antitumor to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ones have been studied in clinical and experimental studies. Its venotonic and angioprotective effects are the most important actions for the treatment of hemorrhoidal disease. This review of literature is aimed determining the place of phlebotonics in outpatient practice for the treatment of haemorrhoidal disease.

Background. Reliable data on the efficacy and safety of fistulectomy with primary sphincter repair for the treatment of high transsphincteric anal fistulas are deficient.The aim. To compare the efficacy and safety of fistulectomy with advancement muco-muscular flap (F) and fistulectomy with primary sphincter reconstruction (SR) for the treatment of high anorectal fistulas.Methods. A cohort of 92 consecutive patients with transsphincteric anal fistula involving 1/3 to 2/3 of the sphincteric complex were included in prospective randomized study. The primary endpoint was the recurrence rate. The duration of surgery, blood loss, pain intensity, postoperative complications, the duration of wound healing, incontinence, quality of life were registered.Results. Forty-six patients were randomized in each group. A statistically significant difference was obtained for operative time (Group “F” – 45 (20–160) min, Group “SR” – 33 (10–55) min). The blood loss was 3 (1–20) and 2 (1–10) ml in Groups “F” and “SR”, respectively (p = 0.482). The return to work in Groups “SR” and “F” occurred after 7 (2–14) and 8 (4–20) days, respectively (p = 0.005). The pain syndrome was significantly greater in Group “F” (p < 0.05) on days 1 and 7. Recurrence rate was in 23.9 % (11 cases) in Group “F” and in 6.5 % (3 cases) in Group “SR” (p = 0.042). Incontinence was in 7 (15.2 %) people in Group “F”, in 10 patients (21.7 %) – in Group “SR” (p = 0.591). There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative complications.Conclusion. Findings can expand the indications for the treatment of high transsphincteric anorectal fistulas involving from 1/3 to 2/3 of the sphincter complex without statistically significant risk for functional results.

Aim: to compare short- and long-term results of primary midline closure and gluteus maximus fascia flap plasty after pilonidal sinus excision. Method: retrospective analysis included consecutive patients who had primary and recurrent pilonidal sinus excised. Patients with gluteus maximus fascia flap plasty formed 1st group, patients with primary midline closure formed 2nd group. Gluteus maximus fascia flap plasty technique: (i) separation in lateral directions of both gluteus maximus fascia from muscle and subcutaneous tissue; (ii) mobilised fascia flaps are brought together to midline and sutured; (iii) subcutaneous fat and skin sutured. Results: 60 patients operated in 2007-2016 were included: 28 in 1st group, 32 in 2nd group. Groups 1 and 2 didn’t differ in operation time (41.9±4.0 and 37.3±3.1 min, p=0.4), blood loss (6.9±0.5 and 8.3±1.6 ml, p=0.2), draining rate (7.1% and 12.5%, p=0.5), hospital stay (11.8±1.3 and 9.1±1.0 days, p=0.1), time to complete wound epithelialization (1.2±0.2 and 1.5±0.4 months, p=0.37). Mean follow-up was 20.7±3.2 and 53.8±6.5 months respectively. Recurrence rate was significantly lower in gluteus maximus fascia flap plasty group (3.6%) than in the 2nd group (21.9%, p=0.04). Conclusion: gluteus maximus fascia flap plasty after pilonidal sinus excision is feasible, doesn’t increase postoperative complications rate and leads to a lower recurrence rate compared to midline closure.