The article is devoted to the issue of developing robotic systems in crop and livestock production. The author considers the trends in the improvement of robotic units used in the agro-industrial complex. In crop production, robots are used, as a rule, to perform such operations as sowing seeds, applying fertilizers, precise spraying of plants, monitoring the crop state, controlling weeds, and harvesting crops. The main directions of the robotic system development in agriculture are identified: in the field of crop production, they include increasing the versatility of aggregates, the accuracy of identifying fruits and plants during their treatment and harvesting, increasing the degree of the robotic systems’ autonomy including the use of solar panels, as well as, increasing the speed of performing working operations; in the field of animal husbandry - the development of technologies for “precision livestock farming”, automation and digitalization of all technological operations, providing comfortable conditions for farm animals.