A review of 79 cases of canine humeral condylar fractures was made to establish the distribution of breed, age and cause of injury and to correlate these with the fracture type.

Conditions affecting the brachial plexus in dogs are described. The clinical details of 22 cases are reviewed, of which 16 were traumatic lesions and six were tumours. The salient features of the neurological examination which provide the diagnosis and the signs which reveal the extent and nature of the lesion are described. The role of other ancillary diagnostic aids including electromyography, radiography and myelography are discussed.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether a 'warm-up' phenomenon in the strength of the inspiratory muscles exists, and, under this assumption, whether whole body warm-up protocols or a specific respiratory warm-up is more effective in this respect. Eleven club level rowers performed a rowing warm-up, and twelve university students performed a general cycling warm-up. Both groups also performed a specific respiratory warm-up. Inspiratory muscle strength (Mueller manoeuvre) and lung function (flow-volume loops) were measured before and after the three conditions. Isokinetic strength during knee extension was measured before and after the rowing warm-up. The two whole body warm-up protocols had no effect on inspiratory muscle strength or any lung function parameter despite the significant (3.8+/-SD 1.4%; p<0.05) increase in peak torque that the rowing warm-up elicited. The respiratory warm-up induced a significant increase in inspiratory mouth pressure (8.5+/-1.8%; p<0.0001) but not in any other lung function parameter. Following the rowing incremental test to exhaustion, maximum inspiratory pressure decreased by 7.0+/-2.0%, which is an indication of respiratory muscle fatigue. These data suggest that the inspiratory muscle strength can be enhanced with preliminary activity, a phenomenon similar to the one known to exist for other skeletal muscles. In addition, a specific respiratory warm-up is more effective in this respect than whole body protocols.

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Two cases are described in which rupture of the triceps tendon in the dog, has followed the local infiltration of a long acting corticosteroid preparation.