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Intensive technology usage in education has been increasing in every field recently. Because computer based visual technology has been developing and becoming the most popular trend in the recent years. In addition to these decreasing prices of the computer based systems make this trend more attractive. Architectural education is one of the most difficult and expensive education and based on visual material. That's why computers and complicated software usage in architectural education has increased dramatically. Using these software, an architecture student can perform his/her project design spending less energytime but more realistic. But the disadvantage of these systems is to make students computer addicted and design their project without creativity. This paper aims to study advantages and disadvantages of this trend and to find a balance level. According to this concept, courses in architectural design are investigated. What kind of computer systems and software use in education is searched? Based on response of students, the advantages and disadvantages of this trend are studied. Main textComputing technology has achieved in the last two decades a tremendous advance; for example processing speed and circuit density have increased by order of magnitude. The software field has also progressed considerably, with new software development tools, programming languages and methodologies. This new powerful computing environment is packaged and made available to individual users in the form of 'Personal Computers', and to engineers or designers in the form of the new generation of 'Graphical Workstations'. During the same period, continuous research and development in the computer aided design field, has enabled to harness this computer power, and provide designers with new tools. Computer based design tools offer significant advantages over traditional design practice. In fact, they allow performing design operations in ways that have never been possible

Abstract. This paper presents the results of research into the post-earthquake displacements of the partially constructed road viaducts in Bolu, Turkey after the Izmit/Kocaeli, (M w = 7.4), and Düzce (M w = 7.1) earthquakes on 17 August and 12 November 1999, respectively. The investigations on the viaducts were carried out using both Geodetic and Finite Element Methods (FEM). Firstly, all the geodetic network stations selected for the project were checked because of the recent deformation in the area. Then, new control stations were placed between the piers of the viaducts. 28 object points were placed and measured on each pier to determine their displacements. In the second stage, the behaviours of the viaducts were modelled using the FEM, and the Düzce earthquake acceleration record was analysed to observe the response of the viaducts in a time history domain. The modelled displacement response of the viaducts was compared with the geodetic measurements in order to interpret the sensitivity of the design calculation of the engineering model. The pier displacements that were geodetically measured and calculated using FEM peak pier displacements showed an increase in the piers located closer to the surface rupture from the Izmit/Kocaeli and Düzce earthquakes. The agreement between the observed and modelled displacements decreases with the increase in the distance from the fault line. Since, near the fault trace the horizontal displacement field is discontinuous and large inelastic deformation is expected, the behaviour of the part of the structure located near the fault line cannot be Correspondence to: M. Acar (acarmusta@gmail.com) easily reproduced by FEM simulations. This is because the applied model loads derived from the source acceleration spectra cannot be included in the localized finite deformation effects. In order to obtain an improved engineering analysis, it is necessary to utilise more parameters in the numerical analysis.

Experimental or theoretical tests show that dramatically changes of infill area causes soft story mechanism. "Soft story" mechanism is the most frequent failure mode of reinforced concrete (R.C.) structures. This phenomenon is caused by the fact that the overall shear force applied to the building by an earthquake is higher at the base floor. If the lower story is not originally weakened, it is however there that infill are the most stressed, so that they fail first and create the weak story and finally leads collapse of structures. This kind of collapse was observed many times in Turkey caused by earthquake. The aim of this paper is to show the contribution of infill walls to the building response during earthquake. Different type of configuration of infill walls are modeled and analyzed by the Finite Element Method. These models also have soft story risk. The nonlinear force-displacement behavior is used for structural analysis. El Centro N-S component is used for time-history analysis.

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