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55.4% (race/ethnicity) to 26.5% (sexual orientation) for emergency medicine. Perceived strength of the evidence strongly associated with physicians' acknowledgment of specific disparities in the United States (p-values ranged from <0.001 to 0.018) but demonstrated comparatively poor associations with acknowledgment of the same disparities in one's personal practice (p-values ranged from 0.033 to 0.433).Conclusions: As evidence documenting disparities continues to increase, action is needed to address disparities in EM care. Health professionals as leaders in the field play an essential role. Nevertheless, despite recognition of health care providers as a contributing factor to the existence of disparities, only one-fourth (down to as low as 1 in 50) acknowledge that disparities in their personal practice exist.

Brief Alzheimer's Screen (BAS) demonstrated the lowest negative likelihood ratio [LR-¼ 0.10, 95% CI 0.02-0.28]. The Six Item Screener test time was reported as under 1 minute compared with 1.5 minutes for the Mini-Cog and 4.7 minutes for the AMT-4.Conclusions: Existing research is limited by inadequate criterion standards juxtaposed with the reality that more widely acceptable comparators are impractical in ED settings. Acknowledging these limitations, the AMT-4 most accurately rules in dementia, while the BAS most accurately rules out dementia.

Background and aims Provision of analgesia for painful needle procedures in children is still often inadequate despite national and international evidence-based guidelines. Untreated pain has negative consequences for children both physically and emotionally. Parental anxiety regarding procedural pain experienced by their children and the need for more information is also well documented in the literature. We aim to survey attitudes of paediatric staff on educating parents about analgesia options for needle procedures and knowledge of negative consequences caused by painful procedures performed without analgesia. Method Randomly selected paediatric doctors and nurses in various paediatric departments were shown either a video podcast or youtube clip, which were created as educational tools for parents to provide them with information on analgesia options for painful needle procedures, and then asked to complete questionnaires. The video podcast and/or youtube clip were shown on mobile devices. Results A total of 86 questionnaire were completed. 43–52% agreed (38–45% strongly agreed) that parents should be educated on pain management for needle procedures and that it is an important issue. 54% agreed (28% strongly agreed) that educating parents will improve care for children. 55% were never asked by parents about analgesia. GPs and Hospitals as providers for information were mentioned most frequently. Posters and pamphlets were thought to be ideal means to inform parents. The level of ‘full knowledge’ about analgesia management options among paediatric doctors and nurses increased from 44% to 70% after watching the video podcast and/or youtube clip. 30% ticked neutral, 14% unlikely and 9% unlikely that untreated pain can lead to the development of needle phobia. 25% ticked neutral, 20% unlikely and 5% very unlikely that it can lead to immunisation non-compliance. Conclusion We demonstrated that paediatric staff have an overwhelmingly positive attitude to introduce parent education on how to make needle procedures a less painful experience for children. A significant proportion of surveyed paediatric staff, however, seem unaware that untreated pain can have significant negative consequences for the wellbeing of children. The burden of pain and its consequences on children and their families has to be reduced by continuing to educate healthcare staff combined with educating parents.

radiation oncologist for every 130-300 new radiation oncology patients per year, with at least one Linear Accelerator (LINAC) for every 250-400 patients that require treatment. Aims: Describe at the national and subregional level the available infrastructure and medical human resources at radiation oncology facilities in Chile estimating the current infrastructure gap and future needs according to expected population and cancer incidence growth to year 2025. Materials/Methods: Department heads of every radiation oncology units in the private and public sector in Chile were individually contacted to collect information on Full Time Equivalent (FTE) radiation oncologists in their center, number, and age of radiation oncology units and total number of radiation oncology courses delivered in each center. Population estimates for ear 2025 where retrieved from the national statistics institute. Cancer incidence estimations where extracted from the National Cancer Registries. Results: In 2018 Chile has 22 radiation oncology facilities with 41 operative LINACS and 74 FTE radiation oncologists (FTE), amounting to 4,1 radiation oncologists for every 1 million inhabitants. In year 2017 one FTE treated on average 220 annual patients. There are 2,51 LINACS for every 1000 treated patients, treating 397 annual patients on average. Of the 41 LINACS operative in the country, 15 of them have been operative for more than 10 years and could reasonably be considered in need of replacement in the near future. Interestingly, 10 of the 15 obsolete LINACS are in the private sector, which has 25 LINACS, which means private clinics have been slower to update their infrastructure than the public sector. With an estimated cancer incidence of 216.9 every100.000 people the current need is approximately 62 LINACS and 80 FTE. Estimating incidence to year 2025 a total of 68 LINACS and a minimum of 88 FTE would be required to meet national needs. Conclusion: Chile currently has a reasonable physician radiation oncology staffing but is lacking on treatment units and replacement of obsolete units. By 2025 an almost doubling of the total number of LINACS will be required considering the need for replacement of obsolete units if Chile is to compare to international standards of care.