SUMMARYThe mud shrimps, ghost shrimps, sponge shrimps, marine yabbies and related animals occurring in Australia are described and illustrated.The number of Australian species is increased from 22 to 40 species by the addition of 12 new species and of six species not previously recorded from Australia. The 40 species are placed in 10 genera within six of the seven families currently considered to form the tribe Thalassinidea. The fauna is dominted by species of Callianassa and Upogebia which contain 13 and 11 species respectively.Of the 40 species only 24 are known from more than 3 localities. The fauna contains a large element of 28 species (of which 12 are new) known only from Australia. Of the remaining 12 species only six have a geographic range extending beyond Indonesia.

A taxonomic report on deepwater shrimps and prawns from Eastern Australia, primarily New South Wales, is presented. The collection, which includes penaeideans and carideans, consists of 73 species. Of these, 46 represent new records for the Australian fauna, while ten species and one subspecies are described as new. These latter are: Haliporoides cristatus, H. sibogae australiensis, Pasiphaea berentsae, P. kapala, P. longitaenia, Lebbeus yaldwyni, M erhippolyte chacei, Plesionika grahami, Glyphocrangon holthuisi, G. lowryi and G. novacastellum. Locality data and diagnoses are provided for all the species. Zoogeographically, the collection is made up of two major components: those species having a widespread distribution in all the oceans, and those which are Indo-Pacific in distribution.

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Twenty-three species of deep-water lobsters in the families Nephropidae, Palinuridae, Polychelidae and Scyllaridae are recorded from the continental shelf and slope off eastern Australia. Ten species and two genera have not been previously recorded from Australia. These are Acanthacaris tenuimana, Projasus parkeri, Polycheles baccatus, P. euthrix, P. granulatus, Stereomastis andamanensis, S. helleri, S. sculpta, S. suhmi and Willemoesia bonaspei. The deepwater lobster fauna of eastern Australia is compared with those of other Indo-Pacific areas. A key is given to all deep-water lobster species recorded from Australian waters.