The use of polymers and polymer-based composites in mechanical, civil and electronic engineering has been growing owing to advances in the technology of materials. The different applications and working conditions of these materials require knowledge about their viscoelastic material functions: relaxation modulus, compliance, complex modulus, etc. Interconversion between these functions may be required for different reasons such as the impossibility of direct experimentation under certain excitation conditions. In this work, a DMA is used to calculate the experimental viscoelastic functions of a linear viscoelastic material (PMMA). The same functions are estimated by interconversion methods and compared with experimental ones. The results show that the interconversion functions fit properly the experimental functions.

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Abstract-This paper proposes a method capable of reproducing the particular operating conditions of a hot strip mill and predicting the evolution of the main electrical variables from both the characteristics of the steel to be milled and the specific features of the rolling mill. The method analyzes the load torque and the motor speed evolution in the stands of the roughing and finishing mill drives, according to the steel to be milled. In this study three types of carbon alloy steel are considered, thus involving dissimilar hardness characteristics. The main stands of the mill, the power network and the filter banks have been modeled. The relationship between the grade of steel and both the electrical demand and various power quality parameters is discussed. The results can be used as a part of an expert system for the automatic estimation of the electrical demand in a hot rolling mill.Index Terms-Electrical demand, finishing mill, hot rolling mill, power system harmonics, roughing mill, steel. I. INTRODUCTIONTEELMAKING is an energy-intensive process. Although the majority of energy is consumed by the upstream processes (e.g. blast furnaces, basic oxygen furnaces and electrical arc furnaces), the energy consumption in the downstream mills is far from insignificant. Out of the downstream processes, the hot rolling operation is certainly the largest consumer of energy, both in the form of fuel gas and electricity.The electrical consumption in the hot rolling operation is more than 70 kWh/ton. The main consumers are the rolling stands and the coilers. However, auxiliary equipment cannot be neglected because it represents 25% of the electrical energy [1], [2].

Abstract-This paper proposes a method capable of reproducing the particular operating conditions of a hot strip mill and predicting the evolution of the main electrical variables from both the characteristics of the steel to be milled and the specific features of the rolling mill. The method analyzes the load torque and the motor speed evolution in the stands of the roughing and finishing mill drives, according to the steel to be milled. In this study three types of carbon alloy steel are considered, thus involving dissimilar hardness characteristics. The main stands of the mill, the power network and the filter banks have been modeled. The relationship between the grade of steel and both the electrical demand and various power quality parameters is discussed. The results can be used as a part of an expert system for the automatic estimation of the electrical demand in a hot rolling mill.Index Terms-Electrical demand, finishing mill, hot rolling mill, power system harmonics, roughing mill, steel. I. INTRODUCTIONTEELMAKING is an energy-intensive process. Although the majority of energy is consumed by the upstream processes (e.g. blast furnaces, basic oxygen furnaces and electrical arc furnaces), the energy consumption in the downstream mills is far from insignificant. Out of the downstream processes, the hot rolling operation is certainly the largest consumer of energy, both in the form of fuel gas and electricity.The electrical consumption in the hot rolling operation is more than 70 kWh/ton. The main consumers are the rolling stands and the coilers. However, auxiliary equipment cannot be neglected because it represents 25% of the electrical energy [1], [2].

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