No abstract

The usage of performance indicators in measuring seaport efficiency is undeniable especially towards increasing the port performance. There are numerous studies on applying data envelopment analysis (DEA) which demonstrates the relationship between technical efficiency and port performance. Conversely, there has been a significant problem of port inefficiency in terms of port performance. DEA application is being applied between the technical efficiency and port performance. It is important for indicators to be initiated on port efficiency which may lead to the increase of the port performance. However, the challenges to be implemented in the port as a whole will be difficult due to broad technical factors from various port activities. Implementation of DEA has been done commonly in container operations but not in dry bulk terminal area. Therefore, this conceptual paper discussed the potential of using the technical port indicators and DEA application specifically in dry bulk terminal.

A sustainable atmosphere is crucial in developing a conducive environment for excellent education. Mode of transport to be utilized for travelling within the campus vicinity is becoming a critical element to support the conducive environment. Majority of current research have evaluated mode of transport in other areas but very limited studies have been made within the higher education institutions context. Hence, the aim of this study is to evaluate the factors that influences the choice for transportation modes in University campus. The six criteria’s that are considered in this study are distance, cost, travel time, accessibility, reliability and safety. An empirical method is used to evaluate the student’s perception towards the different mode of transport available in the University. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) is adopted in determining the relative weights and priorities of the criteria. The model is based on 150 students in Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman (Kampar campus) where questionnaires are used to perceive their opinion towards their choice of modes of transportation. The result will provide an important insight for the planner in making decision where AHP method can be used as an applicable tool in accessing and evaluating the choice of mode and ultimately assist the University to become more sustainable.