During the years 1972-85, 89 children aged 0-14 were registered with leukaemia in the West Berkshire and Basingstoke and North Hampshire District Health Authorities. Two nuclear establishments are located within the health authorities, and a third is situated nearby. Fifty ofthe 143 electoral wards in the two district health authorities lie wholly within, or have at least half their area lying within, a circle of radius 10 km around the establishments. In those 50 electoral wards 41 children aged 0-14 were registered with leukaemia, 28-6 registrations being expected on the basis of leukaemia registration rates in England and Wales (incidence ratio= 1*4, p<005). This excess was confined to children aged 0-4, among whom there were 29 registrations of leukaemia, 14*4 being expected (incidence ratio=2-0, p<0001). In the remaining 93 electoral wards there was a small and non-significant increase in the number of registrations of leukaemia at age 0-14 (48 observed, 40-8 expected; incidence ratio=1-2). There was no obvious trend in the incidence of childhood leukaemia over the 14 years and the overall occurrence of the malignancy in the 143 electoral wards was consistent with a random distribution. In the surrounding Oxford and Wessex Regional Health Authorities the

SummaryInfection with Herpesvirus hominis, often associated with oral ulceration, was found to be more frequent in patients with myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative disorders than in normal populations or patients with other diseases. This increased frequency was not associated with any deficiency of the humoral antibody response, suggesting a possible impairment of cellmediated immunity. The otherwise untreatable oral lesions appeared to respond effectively to local irradiation. IntroductionThe frequent occurrence of severe oral ulceration in patients suffering from various types of leukaemia and lymphoma prompted an investigation into the aetiology of the oral lesions. Clinical impressions suggested an herpetic origin and others have commented on the frequency of herpetic infections in patients with myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative disorders (Stewart, 1950;Ultman et al., 1959;Muller et al., 1972) few patients, however, have been subjected to virological investigations. In the present study virological investigations were used to establish the aetiological role of Herpesvirus

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Summary One hundred and thirty‐seven knee bleeds treated with an initial dose of 11–16 units of factor VIII/kg have been reviewed in an attempt to find the predictive factors for bleeds requiring retransfusion. Thirty‐two bleeds (23.4%) were retransfused within 48 hours because of extension of bleeding or poor progress. Fifty‐nine per cent of bleeds which were retransfused presented with pain and 72% were tender at presentation. These figures contrasted with those for bleeds which were not retransfused of 30% and 45%. The difference in each case is significant. Forty‐seven per cent of retransfused bleeds presented with less than 50% of normal movement against 12% who were not retransfused. This difference was also highly significant. It is suggested that knee bleeds presenting with pain, tenderness and/or more than 50% restriction of movement should be considered for higher initial doses of factor VIII.