Background: This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different stocking density on growth performance, survival, water quality and body indices of E.suratensis fingerlings for 90 days at PRFF, Pazhaverkadu. Methods: Three different stocking densities are 100, 200, 300 no of fishes/m3. The fingerlings of pearlspot, E.suratensis with an average body weight of 5.05±0.03 g were stocked at a rate of SD-1 (100/m3), SD-2 (200/m3) and SD-3 (300/m3) culture for a period of 90 days. Result: The growth parameters were found to significantly decrease with increasing stocking density in the biofloc rearing system. Result of Nitrite and nitrate concentrations were significantly lower in the BFT treatment with lower stocking density than in higher stocking density (P less than 0.05). The highest mean body weight gain recorded in SD1 (42.37±0.04 g) followed by SD2 (29.98±0.08 g) and SD3 (20.85±0.06 g). BFT significantly increased fish specific growth rate and net yield. There was no significant difference in hematology analysis (in terms of white blood cell and red blood cell counts, hemoglobin and hematocrit levels), total superoxide dismutase activity of fish between different stocking density (P greater than 0.05). Second-order polynomial regression analysis of weight gain against pearlspot culture under lower stocking stocking density (100/m3) indicate that biofloc technology culture with lower stocking density can improve the growth performance and immune response and also the maintenance of good water quality and improvement of feed utilization of pearlspot.

This study reports the length‐weight relationships (LWR) for eight elasmobranch species; four shark species (Carcharhiniformes and Orectolobiformes), two species of rays (Myliobatiformes) and two species of guitarfishes (Rhinopristiformes) from the Coromandel Coast of Tamil Nadu, Eastern Indian Ocean. The specimens of these elasmobranch species were collected from the catches of various gears like trawl net, bottom set and drift gill net, hook & line at Chennai—Royapuram Fishing Harbour, Cuddalore Fishing Harbourand Nagapattinam Fishing Harbour situated along this coastal region fortnightly during June 2019–March 2020. The values of the parameter ‘b’ remained within the expected range of 2.5–3.5. Length‐ weight / Disc‐width‐weight relationships showed good fit with r2 values varying from 0.8923 to 0.9869. This study also reports a new maximum TL length (Lmax)for a shark species (Chiloscyllium griseum).

Background: Elasmobranch is one of the largest marine fish resources, consisting of sharks, sawfishes, rays and skates. A worldwide estimate of elasmobranch diversity reveals 815 species coming under 9 orders, 42 families and 164 genera, of which 359 species are sharks and 456 are skates and rays. Hence, it has been planned to investigate the biodiversity and fishery of elasmobranchs along the Coromandel Coast of Tamil Nadu, Southeast India. Methods: Elasmobranch specimens were collected during June 2019 to March 2020 from three main landing centres of Coromandel Coast of Tamil Nadu viz Royapuram (Chennai), Cuddalore and Nagapattinam Fishing Harbours. Sampling was done fortnightly in the above three landing centres. The specimens were collected from the catches of trawl nets, bottom set gillnets and hook and lines. The specimens were identified morphologically in the landing centres itself based on the valid taxonomic keys. Result: In the present study, 67 species of elasmobranch belonging to 7 orders, 21 families and 46 genera were recorded. Of the 7 orders, Carcharhiniformes had the largest number of species (27). Among the 25 families, Carcharhinidae (21) had the largest representation.

Background: Successful and sustainable culture of finfish and shellfish depends on the use of nutritionally balanced, low-cost and eco-friendly feeds. This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation of lysine and methionine on the growth and physiological responses of juvenile pearlspot, Etroplus suratensis. Methods: Fingerlings with an average initial body weight of 8.7±0.04 g were distributed to the 300 L FRP tank (n=30 pieces/tank). The pearl spot fingerlings were fed with isonitrogenous (25% Crude protein) feeds supplemented with methionine (1.8, 2.2 and 2.6 g/100 g of diet) and lysine (0.5, 0.9 and 1.3 g/100 g of diet). The growth performance and physiological response of the fishes were assessed. The feeding trial was conducted for a period of 60 days. Result: The methionine supplemented diets at 2.2 g/100 g (T2) and Lysine supplemented diet at 0.9 g/100 g (T5) yielded the best results within the treated groups in terms of average body weight gain, FCR (feed conversion ratio), SGR (specific growth rate), PER (protein efficiency ratio) and FER (feed efficiency ratio). The maximum mean body weight gain recorded in methionine supplemented diet was 20.68±0.20 g in T2 and the maximum mean body weight gain recorded in lysine supplemented diet was 19.6±0.15 g in T5. The mean body weight gain in control was recorded as 12.12±0.20 g. The present study revealed that methionine incorporation at 2.2 g/100 g (T2) and lysine incorporation at 0.9 g/100 g (T5) resulted in better growth performance of the pearl spot Etroplus suratensis fingerlings. Results of challenge tests confirmed that V. anguillarum could act as a primary pathogen for pearlspot reared in freshwater. In the present study, the Hb, RBC, MCV, MCH and MCHC were also affected by dietary methionine and lysine supplementation and were found significantly (p less than 0 .05) higher in fish fed methionine at 2.2% and lysine at 0.9% of diet, indicating that dietary methionine and lysine supplementation activates immune response and promotes fish health. Second-order polynomial regression analysis of weight gain against dietary methionine and lysine levels indicated that the optimum dietary methionine and lysine requirement for maximum growth and feed utilization of pearlspot fingerlings was methionine at 2.2% and lysine at 0.9%.

Microalgae are known to produce an array of value-added components like pigments. The nutrient medium used to cultivate microalgae is generally more expensive. The prominence of this work is on the practicality of human urine as a low-cost source of nutrients for microalgae culture, as it includes major nutrients and minor minerals and is cost-effective. Of course, it is a digressive approach from the aesthetic point of view. Nevertheless, the ultimate products can be purified, obviating pathogenicity. Human urine was collected, sterilized and different dilutions were prepared (5%,10%,15%,25%,50%,75%,100%). Cultures of Scenedesmus dimorphus were inoculated into a diluted human urine medium and incubated for 15 days at room temperature (around 29ºC) under window spread sunlight. The concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% have supported the production of microalgae. The maximum biomass was observed in 5% human urine concentration with a cell density of 1.74×106 cells/mL with 3.2 g/L biomass production. The biomass productivity was 0.257 g/L /day. Growth cessation could be perceived at more than 25% of human urine concentration. This study offers scope for considering human urine for algal production, targeting value-added products, aside from obnoxious liquid waste utilization.