Vorhandene Maschinen und Anlagen, die im Feld laufen, sind oftmals produktiv, aber nicht auf dem technologischen Stand, um Smart Services zu erbringen. Marktpotenziale im Servicegeschäft werden hierdurch nicht ausgeschöpft und neue Kundenbedürfnisse können nicht adressiert werden. Das stellt Unternehmen vor die Herausforderung ihr vorhandenes Equipment nachzurüsten. Dieser Beitrag soll praxisnah einen Einblick in das Vorgehen zur Nachrüstung von Maschinen und Anlagen geben.   Existing machines and plants in the field are often productive but not state of the art to provide smart services. Market potentials in the service business are not exploited and changing customer needs due to the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) cannot be addressed. This challenges companies to retrofit their existing of their existing equipment. This article describe a practice-oriented retrofit approach.

An exploratory case study was designed to determine the relative importance of the Canadian Engineering Accreditation Board (CEAB) graduate attributes as perceived by University of Manitoba engineering stakeholders. Findings were used to examine the content validity of the Biosystems Engineering program. The overarching objective was to explore how graduate attribute emphasis in engineering programs reflect graduate attribute importance reported by key stakeholders. Problem Analysis, Investigation, Design, Communication Skills, Impact of Engineering on Society & the Environment, and Use of Engineering Tools had similar expected (mean relative importance) and observed (content and assessment program coverage) data percentages. The gap was wider for other graduate attributes, with the most surprising being Knowledge Base. Overall, the pattern of results suggests that various professional attributes (e.g., Professionalism, Ethics & Equity, and Lifelong Learning) should be more prominent in content and assessments within an engineering program. Recommendations to improve methods to assess content validity in engineering programs are discussed.