Het erc t cplc pancreatlc t issue was f aund i n a bronchogeni c cy st. Ta Dur knowle dge no aut he nt ie case has been previou s-Iy repor t ed i n t he tlteret ure. A reliable diagnosis o f br onchogenie cyst is mad e po sslbte by using co mput er to mog ra ph y. T he diagnosi s of b ron chogenic cv st sho uld b e followed by its resecttc n. KeyWord s: Hete ro top tc pan crea tic tlssue-Bronchogen ic cyst-Compu t ed tomograph y
SažetakUvod: ST2 je član IL-1R familije receptora, dok je interleukin-33 (IL-33) njegov prirodni ligand. Kako se u ekstracelularni prostor oslobađa iz nekrotičnih ćelija, IL-33 može da ima ulogu "alarmina" koji obaveštava imunski sistem o postojanju destrukcije tkiva. S obzirom da je ST2 receptor eksprimiran na gotovo svim ćelijama imunskog sistema, IL-33/ST2 signalni put ima važnu ulogu u patogenezi brojnih bolesti u kojima uglavnom aktivacija ovog puta podstiče razvoj Th2 imunskog odgovora. Protektivna ili proinflamatorna uloga IL-33/ST2 signalne osovine direktno je zavisna od dominantnog imunskog odgovora koji je u osnovi ovih oboljenja. Podaci iz literature o uticaju IL-33/ST2 signalnog puta na resorpciju alveolarne kosti su veoma oskudni. Mi smo ispitali uticaj delecije ST2 gena i administracije IL-33 na periapeksnu inflamatornu destrukciju kosti kod BALB/c miševa. Periapeksne lezije ST2-/miševa sadržale su veći procenat CD4+ T limfocita, CD3+CCR6+ T limfocita, IFN-γ-, IL-17-, TNF-α-i IL-6produkujućih ćelija u okviru gejtovanih CD4+ T limfocita u poređenju sa lezijama WT miševa. Nasuprot tome, administracija IL-33 kod WT miševa prouzrokovala je smanjenje procenta CD4+ T limfocita koji produkuju proinflamatorne citokine i povećanje procenta IL-4-produkujućih ćelija. Zaključak: IL-33/ST2 signalni put negativno reguliše intenzitet periapeksne destrukcije alveolarne kosti prevencijom razvoja Th1/Th17 imunskog odgovora i ukazuju na moguću protektivnu ulogu IL-33 u terapiji gubitka alveolarne kosti. Buduća istraživanja implementiraće novu strategiju lečenja u stomatološku praksu. Klјučne reči: IL-33/ST2 signalni put, alveolarna kost, gubitakAbstract Introduction: ST2 is a member of IL-1R receptor family and interleukin-33 (IL-33) is its natural ligand. IL-33 functions as an "alarmin" released upon necrotic cell death to alert the immune system to tissue damage. As ST2 receptor is expressed on many immune cells, IL-33/ST2 signal pathway has important proinflammatory or protective role in the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. IL-33/ST2 signaling promotes Th2 immune response in allergy, autoimmunity and chronic inflammatory disorders, but its role in the pathogenesis of alveolar bone loss is still unclear. We have investigated the effects of ST2 gene deletion and IL-33 administration on the periapical inflammatory bone destruction in BALB/c mice. We found that periapical lesions in ST2-/-mice are characterized by increased frequencies of CD4+ T cells, CD3+CCR6+ T cells and IFN-γ+, IL-17+, TNF-α+ and IL-6+ cells in gated CD4+ T cells compared with lesions in WT mice. A significant decrease in the percentage of CD4+ T cells producing proinflammatory cytokines and an increase in the percentage of IL-4 producing cells was observed in the periapical lesions in WT mice after IL-33 administration. Conclusion: IL-33/ST2 signaling negatively regulates severity of periapical inflammatory bone destruction by preventing Th1/Th17 cell-mediated immune responses and indicate a possible protective role of IL-33 in the therapy of al...
Th e kidneys are paired organs with the primary function of helping to remove toxins from the body and regulate water balance. Th ey are vital to survival. After urine is produced in the kidneys, it must pass into the bladder, where it can be stored before being eliminated from the body through the urethra. Urinary tract obstruction is a common problem encountered by urologists, primary care physicians, and emergency medicine physicians. Urine can become obstructed at any point in this pathway. Th ere are three groups of urinary tract obstructions: 1) obstruction of the urinary tract lumen; 2) obstruction of the urinary tract wall; and 3) extrinsic obstruction, which can press on the urinary tract lumen. An obstruction can be present from birth or develop later in life. Th e most common causes of obstruction include stones, strictures, tumours, and bladder dysfunction. Th ese obstructions may result in the hydronephrosis of one or both kidneys, which, if left untreated, may lead to the deterioration of renal function. Th e goal of an initial treatment of urinary tract obstruction is to remove the obstruction. Later, we treat the cause that led to the obstruction. Th e bottom line is that all eff orts should be made to preserve kidney function to avoid the need for dialysis or renal transplantation.
Uvod: Jedinjenja galijuma su u poslednje tri decenije dobila značajnu ulogu u medicini. Radioaktivni galijum i stabilni galijum nitrat koriste se kao dijagnostički i terapeutski agensi kod kancera, poremećaja kalcijuma i metaboličkih oboljenja kostiju. Pored toga, ova jedinjenja pokazala su antiinflamatornu i imunosupresivnu aktivnost u animalnim modelima humanih bolesti. Nedavno je takođe pokazano da galijum može da funkcioniše i kao antimikrobni agens. U ovom preglednom radu diskutovaće se o potencijalnoj aplikaciji galijuma u budućoj terapiji parodontopatije i prevenciji gubitka zuba. Karakteristična obeležja parodontalne bolesti su inflamacija gingive, bakterijska infekcija, destrukcija alveolarne kosti i posledični gubitak zuba. U terapiji parodontopatije trenutno se koriste hirurške tehnike, mehanički debridman ogoljene površine korena zuba i lokalna ili sistemska aplikacija antimikrobnih agenasa. Razvoj antibiotske rezistencije kod bakterija izazvao je potrebu za novim, alternativnim metodama lečenja infekcije. Zaključak: Potencijalna korist galijuma u terapiji parodontopatije povezana je sa iskorenjivanjem infekcije uzrokovane bakterijskim biofilmom, povećanom depozicijom kosti i supresijom neželjenih imunskih odgovora. Adjuvanta terapija laserom na bazi galijuma mehaničkom instrumentacijom i korišćenjem gingivalnih gelova, paste za zube i rastvora za ispiranje usta koji sadrže galijum mogla bi da predstavlja krajnje rešenje za prevenciju gubitka zuba.
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