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Continuous growth in consumption of oil in the world, as well as ever-increasing quality requirements stimulate the search for new scientific and technological solutions to directionally affect the characteristics of petroleum products, including their chemical composition. The advantages of oxidative desulfurization before hydrotreating are the absence of the need to use hydrogen, as well as small capital and energy costs, since the method does not require high temperatures and pressures. The purpose of this work was to study the oxidation process of diesel fuel and to search for the optimal mode of oxidative desulfurization of diesel fuel in the presence of transition metals salts with the addition of mineral acids. The object of the study is a straight-run diesel fraction of the Pavlodar Petrochemical Plant with boiling temperatures of 180-350°C. The oxidation process was carried out with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of salts of the transition metals molybdenum, vanadium and tungsten. The article defined the basic physico-chemical characteristics of straight-run and desulfurized diesel fractions. The optimal catalyst (Na2MoO4) was selected at a molar ratio of metal to sulfur of 1:100 for the oxidation process of straight-run diesel fractions. As a result of oxidative desulfurization of diesel fuel in the presence of sodium molybdenum perox complexes, the total sulfur content decreased by 42.9%, and with the addition of sulfuric acid by 56.5%. An increase in the cetane index from 56.3 to 58.6 was revealed in the presence of sodium molybdate with the addition of sulfuric acid.