Sri Lanka is one of the fastest-ageing countries in the world. This rapid demographic transition is expected to result in one quarter of the population being elderly by the year 2041. Profound challenges face the country as a result, especially with respect to planning adequate elderly-oriented services in the social-care and health-care sectors. In response to this need, many initiatives have been put in place to promote and protect the welfare of older people, and these rights have been inscribed in law. Within the health sector, despite the wealth of policies and initiatives in recent years, it is clear that the existing health infrastructure and systems still require strengthening, reorientation and coordination, to meet the needs of the growing population of elderly individuals. Lessons learnt from the successes in reducing the maternal mortality ratio can be applied to strengthening preventive services at the community level, to ensure active healthy ageing in Sri Lanka. Engagement of specialist medical officers of health and general practitioners to provide preventive and curative primary-care services would reduce current pressures on higher-level services. Expansion of dedicated elderly-care wards and units at the tertiary level would restructure care towards changing patient demographics. The key to success in these strategies will be increasing the proportions of the medical, nursing and allied professional cadres who have been trained in geriatric medicine. Such capacity-building in the care of the elderly will allow a move towards provision of multidisciplinary teams that can manage the complex physical, social and psychological needs of the older patient.

Background‘Screening tool of older people’s prescriptions (STOPP) and screening tool to alert to right treatment (START)’ criteria is a useful tool to assess the appropriateness of medicines among older adults. However, the original STOPP/START criteria developed in the West, may not be directly applicable to resource limited healthcare settings like Sri Lanka. Hence, we aimed to modify STOPP/START criteria (Version 2) to suit Sri Lanka.MethodTwo investigators (a clinical pharmacologist and a pharmacist) reviewed and flagged criteria that were unfeasible to Sri Lanka based on their previous research experiences on using STOPP/START version 1. A Delphi consensus methodology was conducted among six experts, including geriatricians, clinical pharmacologists, physicians and a pharmacist, to review and assess each criterion (including the ones flagged by the researchers) for suitability to Sri Lanka.ResultsTwo Delphi validation rounds were conducted. A final meeting was held with the participation of all experts to resolve disagreements and to establish 100% consensus. The expert panel agreed on a list of 105 criteria, including 70 STOPP and 35 START criteria, indicating an 8% reduction in criteria compared to the original version. Modifications included complete removal (n = 11), re-wording (n = 25), splitting (n = 1) of original criteria and adding a new criterion (n = 1). Main reasons for modifications were unavailability of some medicines in the country, unavailability or inaccessibility of specific clinical information required for assessment of criteria, and adherence to treatment guidelines commonly used in the country.ConclusionA list of ‘Modified STOPP/START criteria for Sri Lanka’ was developed. These criteria are currently being validated through a multi-centre study.

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