Objective The aim of this study was to report the experience of two centers in the treatment of recurrent tracheoesophageal fistula (RTEF), by tracheoscopic chemocauterization with trichloroacetic acid (TCA). A surgical approach to RTEF has high morbidity and mortality. Some endoscopic techniques have been developed but nevertheless, optimal treatment is still not determined because of the low number of patients, short term of follow-up, and different techniques. Materials and Methods From January 2016 to March 2019, 12 patients with RTEF were selected for endoscopic management in two centers. Eleven had RTEF after primary repair of esophageal atresia/TEF and one had a second fistula with misdiagnosis, all of them by a thoracotomy approach. In all cases the diagnosis was confirmed by clinical evaluation, esophagram, and bronchoscopy. Under general anesthesia, a rigid pediatric bronchoscope with a 0° rod lens telescope telemonitoring was used to localize and refresh the fistula with a small endoscopy brush of 2–3 mm. Cotton soaked with 50% TCA was applied on the fistula for 30 seconds. The procedure had to be repeated two times. Results Fistulae were closed in 10 patients. The closure was confirmed by esophagram or bronchoscopy after 2 months of the procedure. It remains completely obliterated and the patients are asymptomatic. There were only two patients with progressive decrease in the diameter of the fistula; one patient died for some other medical reason and another patient is being treated. The mean number of procedures in each patient was 1.3, and the follow-up was 12 months on average (2–36). Two patients had bronchospasms as postoperative complication. Conclusion The tracheoscopic chemocauterization of RTEF with the use of 50% TCA is a minimally invasive, safe, and effective technique. It has fewer complications and avoids the morbidity of open surgery.

As a result of increased life expectancy, the proportion of elderly patients with head and neck cancer is constantly rising. Transoral robotic surgery has been developed over the last ten years as a minimal invasive surgical procedure. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the place of this technique for elderly patients. Study data related to elderly (age over 75 years) patients who underwent TORS between March 2008 and March 2018 were analyzed. 28 elderly patients were included; the different locations were 18 laryngeal (10 glottic and 8 supraglottic), 3 hypopharyngeal, 2 oral cavities and 5 oropharyngeal carcinoma respectively.