BackgroundIn this study, we hypothesized that microcystic, elongated, fragmented (MELF)-pattern, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression by cancer cells and microvessel density of cancer stroma may be associated with progression of endometrioid adenocarcinoma.MethodsThe study used data from the Belarus Cancer Registry and archival histological material of 100 patients with retrospectively known good (survival) and poor (disease progression and death) outcomes. All cases were immunohistochemically stained for CD34 and VEGF. Two independent samples were compared for the characteristics of signs, and obtained results were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, χ2 test (Yates correction), and Mantel-Cox test. Multivariate Cox hazard analysis and Spearman correlation test were used. A p-value of less than .05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe observed survival rate of patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma was significantly lower (p = .002) in MELF-pattern positive patients when compared with MELF-pattern negative patients. The overall survival rate of patients whose tumors had more than 114 vessels/mm2 of tissue was significantly low (p < .001). Interestingly, a similar observation was found in patients with increased vessel area, evidenced by VEGF expression in the glandular tumor component.ConclusionsOur study suggests, for the first time, that these criteria may be used as risk factors of endometrioid adenocarcinoma progression during 5 years after radical surgical treatment. However, a large independent cohort of samples should be considered in the future to validate our findings.

A novel 7-((4-(3-((2-[ 18 F]fluoropyridin-3-yl)oxy)propyl)-1 H -1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)methyl)-1 H -benzo[ d ]imidazole derivative of the angiotensin II type-1 receptor (AT 1 R) blocker candesartan, [ 18 F]fluoropyridine–candesartan, was synthesized via the copper-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition click reaction between 2-[ 18 F]fluoro-3-(pent-4-yn-1-yloxy)pyridine ([ 18 F]FPyKYNE) and the tetrazole-protected azido-candesartan derivative, followed by acid deprotection. This three-step, two-pot, and two-step purification synthesis was done within 2 h. The use of tris[(1-hydroxypropyl-1 H -1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl]amine (THPTA) as a Cu(I) stabilizing agent increased the overall radiochemical yield by 4-fold (10 ± 2%, n = 13) compared to the reaction without THPTA (2.4 ± 0.2%, n = 3; decay-corrected from 18 F produced at the end-of-beam). Complete separation of [ 18 F]FPyKYNE from its nitro precursor and [ 18 F]fluoropyridine–candesartan from the deprotected azido-candesartan allowed for high molar activities (>380 GBq/μmol) of the tracer. The use of 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid in water for reformulation and the addition of sodium ascorbate to the final formulation (1.6 ± 0.2 GBq/mL, n = 3) prevented tracer radiolysis with >97% radiochemical purity for a period of up to 10 h after the end-of-synthesis. A significant reduction in the uptake (86 ± 3%, n = 8) of the tracer was observed ex vivo in rats (at 20 min postinjection) in the AT 1 R-rich kidney cortex following pretreatment with saturating doses of the AT 1 R antagonist candesartan or losartan. This specific binding to AT 1 R was confirmed in vitro in the rat renal cortex (autoradiography) by a reduction of 26 ± 5% ( n = 12) with losartan coincubation (10 μM). These favorable binding properties support further studies to assess the potential of [ 18 F]fluoropyridine–candesartan as a tracer for the positron emission tomography imaging of renal AT 1 R.

Background Studies have suggested that Cutibacterium acnes (formerly known as Propionibacterium) is the most frequently isolated pathogen after shoulder arthroplasty. To address the burden of periprosthetic joint infections associated with this pathogen, new prevention methods are needed. Tyrosol has a promising record of effectiveness in the field of biofilm-associated infections; however, to our knowledge, it has not been tested against C. acnes thus far. Questions/purposes In this in vitro study, we asked: (1) Is tyrosol effective in inhibiting and eradicating C. acnes Each author certifies that neither he or she, nor any member of his or her immediate family, has funding or commercial associations (consultancies, stock ownership, equity interest, patent/licensing arrangements, etc) that might pose a conflict of interest in connection with the submitted article. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research® neither advocates nor endorses the use of any treatment, drug, or device. Readers are encouraged to always seek additional information, including FDA-approval status, of any drug or device prior to clinical use.