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Рассматривается процесс выдвижения спиц крупногабаритного рефлектора космического базирования с учетом колебаний сжатия. Предложена усовершенствованная математическая модель выдвижения спиц с учетом механизмов упора и фиксатора продольных колебаний. Модель позволяет исследовать колебания системы в любой точке спицы в процессе моделирования. Разработан алгоритм последовательной оптимизации управления автоматическим выдвижением элементов антенны, позволяющий минимизировать колебания системы и с высокой точностью выполнять терминальные условия. Приведены результаты численного моделирования, показывающие преимущество предложенного алгоритма по сравнению с классическими методами управления.

The use of large-sized opening reflectors close-packed in spacecraft is associated with spreading the spokes at a given angle, extending the fragments of the spokes and adjusting the shape of the radio-reflecting mesh. The problem of optimizing these processes with automatic output of the reflector to the deployed working state is urgent. The optimal control problem of spreading spokes of a large-sized space-based reflector with respect to bending vibrations is investigated in the article. The optimization process is complicated by ensuring convergence of iterative procedure for control finding. The bending vibrations of the spokes complicate the task of spreading. That makes it difficult to fix spokes when reaching the stops. In this paper the mathematical model of spoke dynamics is improved with respect to spoke’s bend change in length and in time, the model takes into account the presence of stop and retainer devices and an actuator. It is proposed to consider a hierarchy of two target composed functions and develop an algorithm for sequential optimization for a smooth exit to the stops. It is suggested to include the terminal condition for the angular spreading rate in the first criterion. A study was carried out using mathematical simulation for the process of turning the spoke by a given angle at small values of the angular velocity at the final moment of time taking into account bending vibrations. The exact values of the weight coefficients included in the target composed functions are found. Weight coefficients influence on transient processes is investigated. The performance of the algorithm was checked when the value of the optimization interval was changed. The comparison of the results of simulation modeling with control options using the PID controller, application of an algorithm with a predictive model and an algorithm with optimal correction of the control structure, revealed by means of the maximum principle, was carried out. The results of simulation modeling foe spokes spreading process using the sequential optimization algorithm demonstrate the achievement of the required accuracy with permissible tolerance residual vibrations. The developed algorithm of sequential optimization forms control in a real time and it is recommended to use it in more complex solutions under random disturbances using measurement process and optimization of observation intervals.

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