Slab is the most important structural member of any building structure and also one of the largest member consuming concrete. Thus, the alternative biaxial hollow slab system known as bubble deck slab had been introduced as one of the effective slab systems that improves building design and performance while reduce the self-weight by eliminating concrete part in the middle of conventional slab which does not contribute to the structural performance. The effective hollow slab systems that dramatically reduce the slab weight by 30-50%. Moreover, concrete usage is reduced as 1 kg of recycled plastic replaces 100 kg of concrete. The new prefabricated construction technology using bubble deck slab is recently applied in many industrial projects in the world. It has many advantages as compared to conventional reinforced concrete slab such as lower total cost, reduced material use, enhanced structural efficiency, decreased construction time, and is a green. The aim of this paper is to discuss the significance and various properties of bubble deck slab against conventional reinforced concrete slab based on various studies and researches that had been done.

Self-compacting concrete or also known as self-consolidating concrete (SCC), an innovation in concrete technology is being regarded as one of the most promising developments in the construction industry due to numerous advantages that it has over conventional concrete. The cement and sand consumption in concrete production can be reduced by using a combination of industrial waste materials like fly ash and quarry dust and at the same time lead to energy and cost reduction. In this project, work is done on experimental study on fresh and hardened properties of SCC such as slump flow test, J-ring test, water absorption test, and compressive strength test of M35 grade of SCC. Five mixes with different percentages of quarry dust (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) as partial replacement for sand and a constant 10% of fly ash as partial replacement for cement is considered. The test results for water absorption and compressive strength were carried out after 7 days and 28 days of curing. The results obtained showed that the optimum dosage of quarry dust was 30% and that incorporating QDFA in SCC as green, sustainable and eco-friendly materials in SCC resulted in high workability, enhanced the strength and durability properties in term of water absorption.

This paper presents a study on durability performance of polymeric waste crumb rubber as partial fine aggregates replacement in concrete grade 30. The use of aggregates as constituent in concrete production commonly lead to a question about the sources of natural aggregates since concrete consumption has been increasing nowadays. Rubberized concrete has been introduced whereby natural fine aggregates are being replaced with crumb rubber in concrete since there are problems with availability of natural sand as fine aggregate material. Besides, polymeric waste materials production has been increasing. Crumb rubber used in this study was manufactured by special mill where scrap tire rubber is grinded and screened into smaller size of particles. Rubberized concrete is produced by mixing with different percentages of 10, 20 and 30% of crumb rubber as fine aggregates replacement. Water cement ratio of 0.53 and curing periods for 28 days and 60 days were considered in this study. The water absorption test was conducted to determine the percentages of water absorption, while water permeability test was conducted to determine the coefficient of permeability in concrete. Absorption and permeability are governed by the capillary pores in the cement paste. Pores that are too large resulted in high absorption and permeability, while pores that are small resulted in a low absorption and permeability. The durability performance in term of water absorption and water permeability in concrete was improved by introducing crumb rubber as polymeric waste materials to replace fine aggregates in concrete. The recycling and reusing of polymeric waste materials in concrete attract the interest worldwide which can promote sustainability and reduce the high environmental impact of the concrete technology.

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