1. DeFiniTiOn 2. epiDeMiOlOGy OF cOpD 3. risk FacTOrs 3.1 Host 3.2 environment 3.3 infections 3.4 socioeconomic status 3.5 nutrition 4. aiM OF THis GuiDeline 5. recOGniTiOn OF Disease (early DiaGnOsis anD sTaGinG OF severiTy) 5.1 spirometry 5.2 Detection of airflow obstruction 5.3 assessment of reversibility with short-acting bronchodilators 5.4 assessment of severity of cOpD 5.5 Monitoring disease progression 5.6 chest radiography 6. prevenTiOn OF Disease prOGressiOn (incluDinG sMOkinG cessaTiOn) 6.1 smoking cessation programmes 6.2 Features that contribute to a successful programme 7. alleviaTiOn OF BreaTHlessness anD iMprOveMenT in eFFOrT TOlerance (TreaTMenT OF airFlOw OBsTrucTiOn) 7.1 Bronchodilators 7.2 inhaled corticosteroids 7.3 Oral corticosteroids 7.4 newer phosphodiesterase inhibitors 7.5 Mucolytics and mucokinetic agents 7.6 chest physiotherapy 7.7 venesection 7.8 assessment of response to therapy 8. pulMOnary reHaBiliTaTiOn anD eDucaTiOn (iMprOvinG QualiTy OF liFe) 9. prevenTiOn anD TreaTMenT OF acuTe eXacerBaTiOns OF cOpD 9.1 Definition, natural history and diagnosis of exacerbations 9.2 prevention of exacerbations 9.3 Management of exacerbations
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