Agriculture is one of the promising areas for the introduction of remote sensing technologies. With its help, you can timely receive a wide range of dynamic information about the conditions for the crops growth and development and make the necessary adjustments to obtain the planned result. The paper presents the results of early forecasting of spring wheat yields based on Dove (PlanetScope) satellite data from Planet Labs and DJI P4 Multispectral unmanned data. The maps of the yield of spring wheat were constructed using satellite and unmanned data with a spatial resolution of 3 m and 5 cm, respectively. A statistical assessment of the inhomogeneity of the spectral optical characteristics of agricultural crops has been carried out. The degree of correlation dependence between the value of the integral of the index (NDVI, VARI, MSAVI2, ClGreen) and the yield in different periods of the growing season has been determined.

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The paper describes the fields of transformation of soil and land resources of the Middle Siberia as the result of long-term climatic changes. The description of soil and land resources is given. The climatic changes have been evaluated for the period from 1919 to 2018, and increase of the annual mean air temperature and amount of precipitation in natural zones of the region has been established on the basis of the analysis of linear trends. Under the impact of these factors, shifting of zone borders occurs, which leads to replacement of the soil cover structure at the species, generic and subtype levels. Changing regimes and soil properties cause the necessity to use new sorts and adapted technologies for crop growing.

The ecological plasticity of aphid populations is determined by their clonal and morphotypic diversity. Clones will be successful when the development of their component morphotypes is optimized. The purpose of this work was to reveal the peculiarities of clonal composition and the developmental characteristics of different summer morphotypes for the rose-grass aphid, Metopolophium dirhodum (Walk.), which is an important host-alternating cereal pest and a useful model species. During the experiments, aphids were kept under ambient conditions on wheat seedlings at natural temperatures and humidity levels. An analysis of the reproduction of summer morphotypes and the resulting composition of offspring found that variation among the clones and morphotypes, as well as generational effects and an influence of sexual reproduction (and interactions between all factors) influenced the population structure of M. dirhodum. The reproduction of emigrants was less among the clones than that of the apterous or alate exules. The number of offspring produced by apterous exules differed throughout the growing season (generational effects) and between years, with different clones exhibiting different responses. There were dispersing aphids only among the offspring of apterous exules. These results can contribute to future advances in the forecasting and monitoring of aphid populations.

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