Alternaria blight (Alternaria helianthiHansf

A study was conducted in the of Department Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Latur, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India, during 2011 to control Alternaria porri causing Alternaria blight of onion with fungicides, botanical and bio-agents. Among nine treatments, six fungicides (@ 100, 200, 250 and 500 ppm concentrations), one plant extract and two bioagents (@ 500 ppm) were evaluated in vitro in vivo and were found effective against A. porri and recorded significant inhibition of the test pathogen over untreated control. However, in vitro result revealed that in hexaconozole cent per cent (100.00 %) inhibition was observed, followed by difenoconazole (83.91 %), mancozeb (63.58%), P. florescence (58.94 %) and T. viride (54.45%). The minimum per cent inhibition was observed in chlorothalonil (31.40 %) followed by plant extract NSKE (43.92 %), copper oxychloride (46.87 %) and carbandazim (47.11 %). In vivo results revealed that hexaconozole (0.1%) was found most effective and recorded significantly least mean disease incidence (6.03 %) and intensity (13.33 %) with corresponding significantly increased bulb yield (438.00 q/ha) followed by mancozeb (@ 0.2%) and copper oxychloride (0.25%) which recorded significantly mean disease incidence of 6.83 and 8.53 per cent and intensity, 15.00 and 20.00 per cent, respectively and gave correspondingly bulb yield, respectively of 375.00 and 429.00 q/ha. The botanical tested, A. indica (@ 5%) was found antifungal against A. porri and recorded significantly disease incidence (7.96 %) and intensity (27.00 %), and gave the bulb yield (290.00 q/ha). Both fungal and bacterial antagonists tested were found not so effective to reduce incidence and intensity, attempt increased the bulb yield over unsprayed control.

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Eight culture media, eight temperature levels, nine pH levels, seven carbon and six nitrogen sources tested exhibited better growth of Alternaria carthami. Results revealed that Potato dextrose agar gave significantly highest growth (90.00 mm), followed by Potato malt agar (84.16 mm) with excellent sporulation. Temperature levels indicated that highest mean mycelial growth (85.66 mm) was recorded at 30°C followed by 25°C (83.83 mm) and 20°C (66.33 mm). However, maximum mean mycelial growth (85.83 mm) was recorded at pH 6.5 with excellent sporulation, followed by at pH 6 (82.00 mm) and pH 7 (70.33 mm) with excellent and good sporulation, respectively. The carbon sources exhibited varied radial mycelial growth and sporulation of the test pathogen. However, highest radial mycelial growth (86.00 mm) and excellent sporulation was recorded on glucose, followed by on maltose (82.83 mm) and starch (80.33 mm) with excellent sporulation. Nitrogen sources resulted highest radial mycelial growth (82.55 mm) and excellent sporulation on potassium nitrate, followed by on peptone (75.83 mm) with good sporulation. Least radial mycelial growth (19.00 mm) was recorded on urea with poor sporulation.How to view point the article : Taware, M.R., Gholve, V.M., Wagh, S.S., Kuldhar, D.P., Pawar, D.V. and Chavan, A.A. (2014). Effect of different culture media, temperature, pH, carbon and nitrogen sources on mycelial growth and sporulation of Alternaria carthami causing Alternaria blight of safflower. Internat. J. Plant Protec., 7(2) : 349-353.

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