Abstract. This paper develops three DEA performance indicators for the purpose of performance ranking by using the distances to both the efficient frontier and the antiefficient frontier to enhance discrimination power of DEA analysis. The standard DEA models and the Inverted DEA models are used to identify the efficient and anti-efficient frontiers respectively. Important issues like possible intersections of the two frontiers are discussed. Empirical studies show that these indicators indeed have much more discrimination power than that of standard DEA models, and produce consistent ranks.
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