An exploration is carried out to inspect mixed convection flow of viscoelastic hybrid nanofluid past a rotating disk under slip and convective heating condition influences. As the hybrid nanoparticles, Al 2 O 3 and silver (Ag) are considered with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) - water with low concentration ( 0.0 − 0.4 % ) preferred as a base fluid. The viscoelastic (non-Newtonian) fluid model is assumed in favor of hybrid nanofluids applying magnetic field influences normal to the flow of fluid. The nonlinear ordinary differential equations get a hold from the governing equations are simplified using suitable similitude into dimensionless from and are solved via the influential method called Galerkin finite element method. The roles of physical parameters on radial and tangential velocities, temperature and concentration are exhibited graphically with their physical features. The results show that enrichment in the values of Grashof number be inclined to develop buoyancy forces which speed up the motion of fluid and tends to increases radial and tangential velocity fields but it imposes to decline temperature and concentration profile. Also, the outcome confirms that the distribution of temperature and concentration can be controlled with higher alumina and silver nanoparticles volume fraction. Moreover, the effects of thermal Grashof number, volume fraction of alumina and silver nanoparticles on skin friction coefficients, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are numerically discussed through tables. It also corroborates that 3% vol. fraction of Al 2 O 3 and Ag nanoparticles has the greatest − Θ ′ ( 0 ) than 1% vol. fraction of Al 2 O 3 and Ag nanoparticles.

This computation reports the mixed convection flow of Williamson fluid past a radially stretching surface with nanoparticles under the effect of first‐order slip and convective boundary conditions. The coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are obtained from the partial differential equations, which are derived from the conservation of momentum, energy, and species. Then, utilizing suitable resemblance transformation, these ODEs were changed into dimensionless form and then solved numerically by means of a powerful numerical technique called the Galerkin finite element method. The effect of different parameters on velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles is inspected and thrashed out in depth by graphs and tables. The upshots exhibit that the velocity profile augments as the values of concentration buoyancy and mixed convection parameters are engorged. Also, the results demonstrated that both temperature and concentration profiles are improved with an enhancement in values of thermophoresis parameters. The outcomes also indicate that for finer values of magnetic field parameter and thermophoresis parameter, the numerical value of local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers is reduced.

This computation reports the mixed convection flow of Williamson fluid past a radially stretching surface with nanoparticles under the effect of first-order slip and convective boundary conditions. The coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) are obtained from the partial differential equations, which are derived from the conservation of momentum, energy, and species. Then, utilizing suitable resemblance transformation, these ODEs were changed into dimensionless form and then solved numerically by means of a powerful numerical technique called the Galerkin finite element method. The effect of different parameters on velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles is inspected and thrashed out in depth by graphs and tables. The upshots exhibit that the velocity profile augments as the values of concentration buoyancy and mixed convection parameters are engorged. Also, the results demonstrated that both temperature and concentration profiles are improved with an enhancement in values of thermophoresis parameters. The outcomes also indicate that for finer values of magnetic field parameter and thermophoresis parameter, the numerical value of local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers is reduced. K E Y W O R D S finite element method, mixed convection flow, nanofluid, radially stretching surface, Williamson fluid

This study reports the three-dimensional mixed convection flow of an Oldroyd-B nanofluid past a bidirectional stretching surface. Nonlinear partial differential equations obtained from the flow problem were converted into nonlinear ordinary differential equations using similarity transformation, and then, the numerical solutions of these ODEs with corresponding boundary conditions were obtained by employing a bvp4c solver. The effect of governing parameters on nondimensional velocity along x- and y-directions, temperature, particle concentration, local Nusselt number, and Sherwood number was presented through graphs and tables. It can be seen that the increasing values of the Brownian motion parameter Nb and thermophoresis parameter Nt lead to an increase in the temperature field and thermal boundary layer thickness, while the opposite behavior is observed for concentration field and concentration boundary layer thickness. As the Deborah number β1 increases, the concentration profile as well as concentration boundary layer thickness increase. However, the effects of β2 on the concentration profile are opposite to those of β1. An increase in δt, Pr, and α results in a decrease in temperature. It is reported that the local Nusselt number increases when β and Pr increase, whereas it decreases when λ, Nb, Nt, and Sc increase. An increase in Biot number Bi results in an increase in the Nusselt number, and an increase in Nt results in an increase in the Sherwood number. The results of the present analysis were compared with the available works in particular situations, and more agreement has been noted.

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