This study investigates buckling behaviors of laminated composite structures with a delamination using the enhanced assumed strain (EAS) solid element. The EAS three-dimensional finite element (FE) formulation described in this paper, in comparison with the conventional approaches, is more attractive not only because it shows better accuracy but also it converges faster, especially for distorted element shapes. The developed FE model is used for studying cross-ply or angle-ply laminates containing an embedded delamination as well as through-the-width delamination. The numerical results obtained are in good agreement with those reported by other investigators. In particular, new results reported in this paper are focused on the significant effects of the local buckling for various parameters, such as size of delamination, aspect ratio, width-to-thickness ratio, stacking sequences, and location of delamination and multiple delaminations.

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>> Ceria (CeO2) was used to increase the durability of the membrane in the polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) circumstance. The sulfonated polyether ether ketone (SPEEK) as polymer matrix was prepared in the sulfonation reaction of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) to improve electrochemical characteristics. After sulfonation reaction, the organic-inorganic blended composite membranes were prepared by means of sol-gel casting method with loading the highly dispersed CeO2 and Cs-substituted molybdophosphoric acid (Cs-MoPA) with cross-linking agent (tetrapropyl orthosilicate). Consequently, the composite membrane CL-SPEEK/Silane 4wt%/Cs-MoPA/Ceria(1%) showed the improved characteristics such as 82% of water content, 0.11136 S/cm of proton conductivity at 80℃, 55.50 MPa of tensile strength and 4.37% of breeding out of MoPA.

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