The purpose of this investigation was to explore when nursing becomes an art, and to develop a theory/model of nursing as art. The overall design of the investigation was qualitative, and phenomenological-hermeneutic. The five substantial categories in the theory/model are: Invitation and confirmation, encounter, values, moral attitude and demeanor, the act of good will, and aesthetic communication. One main finding of this nursing investigation based on the caring perspective was that values and a thoroughly moral attitude and demeanor are central when nursing becomes an art.

Dignity experience among the participants was preserved when certain interactional qualities were present in their interactions with family, social network, and healthcare professionals. While supporting some of the findings of previous studies, this study adds new knowledge on the subject. Knowledge of relational interactions toward preserving dignity experience should be a fundamental part of future dementia care practice. Based on the results of this study, an empirical-theoretical model was developed for this purpose.

The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of being suicidal and the encounter with healthcare personnel. The research question was, 'How did the suicidal patient experience the encounter with healthcare personnel?' Data were collected, analysed and interpreted using a hermeneutic approach. Qualitative research interviews were used to collect data. Participants included 10 people: 4 women and 6 men aged 21-52 years. With the exception of one person, they had all experienced one or more suicide attempts. The study requires ethical considerations in planning and interviews as well as in the analysis process. Through a thematic analysis, three key themes emerged: (a) experiencing and not experiencing openness and trust, (b) being met and not met by someone who addresses the matter and (c) being met on equal terms versus being humiliated. Results in this study may indicate a lack of willingness and courage to listen to what the suicidal person says and to trust him or her.

In this article, an attempt is made to analyse important implications of the hermeneutic approach in qualitative studies. The article discusses the hermeneutic circle with regard to reasoning contexts, on which the researcher's interpretation is based. Problems in connection with achievement of 'proper' understanding in an interpretative process are discussed in light of Gadamer's hermeneutic philosophy. Some features of qualitative studies are addressed. This is concerned with arguments in the presentation of findings in qualitative studies using the hermeneutic approach. The essence of the article is there are grounds for reasonable understanding, even though it cannot be absolute in the hermeneutic.

Much is known about the phenomenon of dignity, yet there is still a need for implementing this understanding in clinical practice. The main purpose of this study was to find out how persons suffering from multiple sclerosis experience and understand dignity and violation in the context of a rehabilitation ward. A phenomenological-hermeneutic approach was used to extract the meaningful content of narratives from 14 patients with multiple sclerosis. Data were collected by personal research interviews. The findings revealed three main themes: (1) 'invisibly captured in fatigue'; (2) 'fighters' law: one who does not ask will not receive'; and (3) 'dignity is humanity'. The essence of the findings in this study is that dignity is humanity. According to the participants, dignity requires time and is experienced only in a context of empathy and mutual confidence.