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Background: In developing countries, the urban environment is deteriorating over time. In the meantime, people's demand for clean and green residential and recreational places has increased. If so, why has it been hard to keep clean and green cities? This paper investigates the level and determinants of environmental awareness in Addis Ababa. From three sub-cities, a three-stage sampling procedure applies to select 293 sample respondents. The data collection applies a structured questionnaire. We applied a five-point Likert scale to classify the levels of awareness. Besides, an ordered logit model was applied to analyze factors that affect the level of awareness.Results: The result shows that the knowledge of forest degradation is high, while the attitude to reduce the use of glass bottles is medium. The cognitive skill on the cause of acid rain is medium. The probability of low (13%) and medium (26%) levels of environmental awareness increases for the income group of 601 to 1650. Likewise, the likelihood of having low levels of environmental awareness rises by 9%; in contrast, the probability of having a moderate level of environmental awareness increases by 12% for the age of 50 to 59. The TVET educational level has a low chance of having low (8%) and medium (12%) levels of awareness.Conclusions: An income-generating activity raises employment opportunities and creates a better income, which would influence the environmental mindset. So, improving the living standard assures clean and green cities. Besides, the higher the education, the better would be environmental knowledge, cognitive skills, and attitude. In the meantime, besides formal education, adult education, training, and workshops are alternatives to enhance environmental awareness.

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In this study, we have attempted to assess how gender affects urban and peri-urban agriculture in Ethiopia. On the basis of a household survey, data were collected from 54 urban farmer households using a structured questionnaire, and nine case studies and focus group discussions were randomly selected from three sub-cities in Addis Ababa and one district in the Oromia Special Zone surrounding Finfine. Data from both primary and secondary sources were employed to generate the paper. The findings revealed that the most common types of agribusiness in urban and peri-urban areas were cultivating grass and vegetable crops. It also suggests that those involved in urban and peri-urban agriculture are creating job opportunities and extra income for middle- and low-income people. The decision-makers therefore must implement sustainable livelihood systems for these very poor communities, which reside in peri-urban and urban centers in the area.

Background: In 2020, 191,930 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer. The lives of these men will change dramatically as they go through the prostate cancer care and survivorship process. Black men are especially affected, as they are more likely to get and die from prostate cancer. The primary objective of this study was to explain the experiences of Black men across by developing a prostate cancer care and survivorship (CaPCaS) model. Methods: Based on the principles of community engagement research and employing qualitative methodology, we interviewed Black prostate cancer survivors to document their CaPCaS experiences relative to prostate cancer prevention, detection, diagnosis, treatment, survivorship and advocacy using audio and video recordings. Our data analysis plan included preparing and verifying the narrative data, coding data, and developing an interpretive framework for Black men’s experiences across the prostate cancer care continuum. Results: Thirty-two prostate cancer survivors participated in the study. A CaPCaS model was created with themes specific to the trajectory of prostate cancer prevention, screening, diagnosis, treatment, survivorship, and advocacy. Contextual themes identified were African Diaspora, Masculinity and Socio-demographic factors. Additionally, we identified cross-cutting factors across the CaPCaS process that included Acculturation, Self-efficacy, Health literacy, Patient-provider racial concordance, Stigma and Spirituality. Conclusion: The CaPCaS model is an explanatory model of prostate cancer care and survivorship factors for Black men and will foster better understanding of behaviors associated with improved prostate cancer outcomes in Black men.