<p>The article reveals the experiences of pupils with severe special educational needs (SEN) at special education institutions, which are analyzed in the context of inclusive education approach and research conducted in foreign countries data. The study follows qualitative research methodology. The data collected employing the semi-structured pupils’ individual interview method are presented. The study highlights pupils’ opinions on the opportunities and limitations of education at special and mainstream schools, their attitude to learning and discloses peculiarities of psychosocial environment at special schools.</p><p align="center"> </p><p align="center">Straipsnyje atskleidžiamos mokinių, turinčių didelių specialiųjų ugdymosi poreikių (SUP), mokymosi specialiojo ugdymo įstaigose patirtys, kurios analizuojamos inkliuzinio ugdymo nuostatų bei užsienio šalyse atliktų tyrimų kontekste. Tyrime laikomasi kokybinio tyrimo metodologinių nuostatų. Pristatomi pusiau-struktūruoto mokinių individualaus interviu metodu surinkti duomenys. Tyrime išryškėja mokinių nuomonės apie ugdymosi specialiojo ir bendrojo ugdymosi mokyklose galimybes ir ribotumus, požiūris į mokymąsi, atskleidžiami psichosocialinės aplinkos specialiosiose mokyklose ypatumai.</p>
The meaning of inclusion is complex and related to every form of diversity; it needs to be defined in broad horizons, within and beyond the school context, with the aim of overcoming all forms of exclusion and discrimination. The concept of inclusive education concerns proper and appropriately agreed terminology and meanings expressed in the 2006 UN Convention ratifying the need of recognizing the same rights for all individuals, as human beings, beyond stigma and categorising labels. In this article we examine the Italian and Lithuanian inclusive systems, within the paradigm of social constructivism and the contribution of both national and international scientific literature referring to bio-psycho-social pedagogical meanings. In order to reveal the developments towards inclusive education in two countries contexts, the methodology of this article is based on the relevant literature, document and research reports review.
<p>The article presents a theoretical analysis of the concept based on a motor learning approach as well as the possibilities for the application of this approach in speech and language therapy in the treatment of children’s articulation disorders. Motor learning principles have been emphasised as essential elements in speech and language therapy. They explain the importance of speech and language therapy services which are flexible and focused on individual cases. </p><p>An analysis of theoretical sources focuses on the strategies of speech and language therapy based on the motor learning approach. These therapies differ between non-speech or speech levels. The aims of the application of these strategies and their theoretical presumptions of efficacy reveals the need for changes in the practice of speech and language therapists. An analysis of theoretical sources reveals that speech-based strategies of therapy are more efficient in learning correct sound pronunciation and promoting the intelligible speech of children. The application of non-speech oral motor therapy is purposeful in teaching non-speech movements of the articulatory system. When coping with children’s articulation disorders, it is necessary to differentiate strategies of motor learning with regard to the origin and level of a particular disorder. </p><p>Straipsnyje pateikiama teorinė motoriniu mokymu(si) grįsto požiūrio koncepto analizė bei šio požiūrio taikymo kalbėjimo ir kalbos terapijoje galimybės, įveikiant vaikų artikuliacijos sutrikimus. Išskiriami motorinio mokymosi principai laikomi esminiais kalbėjimo ir kalbos terapijoje. Jais paaiškinama ir pagrindžiama lanksčių, orientuotų į individualų atvejį, logopedo paslaugų svarba.</p><p>Teorinių šaltinių analizė leidžia išskirti motorinio mokymo(si) požiūriu grindžiamas kalbėjimo ir kalbos terapijos strategijas, kurios skiriasi tuo, kokiu lygmeniu, t.y. nekalbėjimo ar kalbėjimo, yra taikomos. Straipsnyje pateikiami šių strategijų taikymo tikslai ir teorinės veiksmingumo, įveikiant vaikų artikuliacijos sutrikimus, prielaidos, atskleidžia logopedų praktikos kaitą. Teorinių šaltinių analizė atskleidžia, kad kalbėjimu grįstos terapijos strategijos yra veiksmingesnės mokant taisyklingo ir suprantamo vaikų kalbėjimo. Nekalbinės oralinės terapijos strategijų taikymas yra tikslingas nekalbiniams artikuliacinio aparato judesiams mokyti. Įveikiant vaikų artikuliacijos sutrikimus, būtina diferencijuoti motorinio mokymosi strategijas, atsižvelgiant į sutrikimo kilmę bei laipsnį.</p>
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