One of the main challenges English language teachers face in their daily classes is to find creative ways of sustaining their students' interest in language learning, which can often be perceived as dull and tedious. Music and songs, which have a universal appeal and ubiquitous presence in most people's daily lives, have all the prerequisites to become an effective teaching resource in this respect. However, this useful resource appears to be underutilized by English language teachers, which is attributable to the lack of understanding of its theoretical rationale and benefits. The present paper aims to analyze the role and potential of music and songs in English language teaching in the light of current research and literature. Research findings suggest that the effective use of music and songs in language teaching has the potential to address multiple intelligences, reduce anxiety, increase motivation, facilitate memory retention and establish an affectively conducive learning environment. Moreover, music and songs can be utilized to enhance the learning of almost every aspect of the target language, to develop cultural awareness and to foster students' creativity. Apart from discussing theoretical arguments and empirical evidence in support of using music and songs in language instruction, the paper provides practical suggestions for integrating music activities into ESL classrooms. It is hoped that a larger number of ESL teachers will deem music and songs a valuable educational tool which they can use to engage their students both affectively and cognitively and to promote effective and enjoyable language teaching and learning.

Regardless of numerous studies supporting the effectiveness of utilizing music and songs in second language teaching, there is a remarkably limited amount of research investigating how music and songs are actually used by language teachers and the beliefs underpinning their practices, particularly in the Malaysian educational context. This qualitative study explored Malaysian ESL teachers’ beliefs and practices with regard to the use of music and songs in language instruction at different levels of education as well as factors influencing their instructional practices. The research participants consisted of five primary-level, five secondary-level and five tertiary-level ESL teachers working at public and private educational institutions, who were selected using purposeful sampling strategy. Data were gathered through individual semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s (1994) framework for qualitative data analysis. Findings of the study indicated the ESL teachers from all three levels of education held overall positive beliefs about the benefits and appropriateness of music and songs as a teaching tool and utilized them in various ways to promote students’ language learning. A number of factors were found to influence the teachers’ use of music and songs in their classrooms. The findings of the study have implications for various educational stakeholders.

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