Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition that affects people all over the world. Acne vulgaris is characterised by the presence of open and closed comedones, papules, pustules, and nodules on areas of the body with hormonally sensitive sebaceous glands. Acne is thought to be caused by four key factors: increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, skin bacterial colonisation, and inflammation. Acne with severe symptoms is painful, disfiguring, scarring, and lowering self-esteem. The aim of this study was to determine the serum level of calprotectin in acne vulgaris patients and its relationship to disease severity. Subjects and Methods: In this sample, 60 people with acne vulgaris were paired with 30 people who appeared to be of similar sex and age as a control group. The patients were chosen from those who attended the Benha University Hospital's Dermatology and Andrology Department's Outpatient Clinic between April 2019 and October 2020. Our findings indicated that the AV group had a statistically significant higher level of serum calprotectin with mean SD (6.291.91ng/dl) than the control group with mean SD (2.040.65ng/dl) (p=0.004). The amount of serum calprotectin had a statistically significant positive relationship with the GAGS score (r=0.854; p0.001). The period of the disease, however, had no meaningful correlation (r=0.163;p=0.212). Conclusion: Serum calprotectin levels are higher in acne vulgaris patients relative to safe controls, and there is a statistically significant relationship between calprotectin levels and disease severity, suggesting that calprotectin may be used as a chemical biomarker to determine disease severity.

Background: Adipokines are demonstrated to be associated with multiple cutaneous diseases. Leptin is mainly produced by the adipocytes that stem from the obese gene. In addition, it was reported that, secretion of leptin is a response to increased lipid uptake, thus, it might be regarded as a link between improper diet and the development of inflammatory acne. Objective: The aim of the current work was to estimate serum leptin and adiponectin in both obese and non-obese patients with acne vulgaris and to evaluate adiponectin/leptin ratio (A/L) rates as a biomarker of insulin resistance and hence their role in pathogenesis of acne vulgaris in correlation with body weight and disease severity. Patients and methods: This prospective case-controlled study included a total of 60 patients with acne vulgaris, attending at the Dermatology, Andrology & STD Outpatient Clinic, Mansoura University Hospitals. Forty healthy subjects matched with the patients in age, sex were included. This study was conducted between April 2019 to January 2020. Results: Cases with acne vulgaris demonstrated significant increase in serum leptin level as well as significant decrease in serum adiponectin level compared to controls. No significant correlation was reported between both serum leptin and adiponectin levels and disease severity. Leptin could be used as reliable predictor in terms of the differentiation between cases of acne vulgaris and controls with high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. Adiponectin could be used as reliable predictor in terms of the differentiation between cases of acne vulgaris and controls with high sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. Conclusion: Acne vulgaris was associated with significant elevation in leptin level, significant reduction in adiponectin level and significant decrease in A/L ratio. Thus, leptin, adiponectin and insulin resistance may be pathogenic cofactors contributing to the development of the disease and could be used as reliable predictors for development of acne vulgaris but not for severity of disease.

Background: Acne vulgaris is the most common cutaneous ailment in the world, affecting up to 80% of teenagers and up to 50% of adults. It is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit. The development of acne lesions is heavily influenced by keratinocyte proliferative and inflammatory states, which have been observed to elevate survivin levels.Objective: This study was conducted to assess survivin gene polymorphism and its plasma level in patients with active acne vulgaris and patients with post acne scars with varying severity. Patients and methods:The study included 60 acne patients divided into two groups: 30 patients with active acne lesions and 30 patients with post acne scars; in addition to 30 healthy volunteers who were served as control group selected from Outpatient Clinic,