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Summary The purpose of the study was to extend knowledge about physical fitness levels and their development among first-grade elementary school students as a result of school physical and sports education. A total of 23 children participated in the study, and nine physical fitness tests were administered to determine their physical fitness levels (Měkota & Blahuš, 1983; Šimonek, 2015). The t test for dependent samples was used to determine changes in physical fitness levels for both sexes. Boys showed significant improvements in the 20-meter dash, repeated routine with a pole, standing long jump and 4 x 10 m shuttle run. Girls showed significant improvements in the 20-meter dash test and a repeated routine with a pole. The results have confirmed the necessity to enhance physical fitness levels in children and systematically develop all motor abilities in physical and sports education classes.

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The aim of the presented study was to assess changes in body composition and intersexual differences among children at pre-pubertal and early-pubertal age. The research was designed as a non-randomized cross-section study. The screened sample consisted of 136 girls and 212 boys assigned into three groups according to their age. Body composition was measured using a direct segmental multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (DSM-BIA). To examine the association between obesity and selected health-related parameters, Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA and Eta2 were used. For evaluation of intersexual differences, Mann-Whitney U-test was used. The presented article is the part of VEGA 1/0840/17 project. From the perspective of age, neither in the group of girls nor boys we recorded any differences in indicators of body composition, namely in body fat mass index, body fat percentage and, in addition, in the group of girls in the waist to hip ratio parameter.

The purpose of the study was to determine individual profiles of sports preconditions in 6- and 7-year-old children and recommend sports according to test scores and individual sports profiles. Data were collected from 1st graders at elementary schools. The children participated in organized sports practice in sports clubs. The sample included 42 boys and 3 girls. Of these, 16 children engaged in soccer practice and 29 children engaged in ice hockey practice. Children performed 10 motor tests (Měkota & Blahuš, 1983; Šimonek, 2015): repeated routing with a stick, flexed arm hang, standing long jump, shuttle run agility test, 20-meter sprint, endurance shuttle run, sit-ups, sit-and-reach test, and rollingof-three-balls test. To assess decision-making processes, children played a flag chasing game. The results of the correlation analysis showed that correlations among tests were similar for both groups. The individual sports profiles that were applied to determine the appropriateness of sports preconditions for particular sports showed that sports children played and sports for which children showed talent differed considerably.