The goal of this study was to explore personality-related determinants of recidivism, with recidivism being defined as a) the number of lawful sentences a person had (criminal legal recidivism), and b) the number of prison sentences pronounced (penal recidivism). The study was carried out in two independent samples: a) convicts from the Correctional Institution of Belgrade - Penitentiary of Padinska Skela (N=113), and b) convicts from the Special Prison Hospital in Belgrade (N =112). The variables of the Five-Factor Model of Personality (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness) were measured, together with two additional basic personality traits: Disintegration (a broad dimension of psychosis-proneness), and Amorality (three factors representing a disposition to amoral forms of behavior). In addition, psychopathy (Manipulative and Antisocial tendencies) - a psychological entity expected to most successfully predict criminal recidivism - was measured as well. The efficiency of prediction of the two criteria of recidivism was assessed separately in each of those two samples. The results revealed differences in the orchestration of predictors depending on the kind of recidivism as the criterion and the severity of offense. The most important predictors of both forms of recidivism in the sample of convicts with lower intensity of criminal behavior were psychopathic traits. However, in the sample of convicts with higher intensity and variety of criminal behavior, the most important predictors of the number of sentences were Antisociality and Amorality Induced by Frustration, while the most important predictors of the number of prison sanctions were Amorality Induced by Brutality and Disintegration. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 47011: Criminality in Serbia: Phenomenology, Risks and Possibilities of Social Prevention i br. 179018: Identification, Measurement and Development of Cognitive and Emotional Competencies, Important in a Society Oriented toward European Integrations

Previous research suggested that psychopathy is related to diminished physical and mental health. However, this link could be specific to psychopathic lifestyle and antisocial behavior, while manipulative characteristics and emotional superficiality could be unrelated or even positively related to physical and mental health. Furthermore, psychopathic features could mediate the link between detrimental family characteristics and health problems. We tested these hypotheses in a sample of male convicts (N = 224). Psychopathy was explored via a rating method (PCL-R). Dysfunctional family characteristics were extracted from participants' prison files. Finally, self-reported biographical data was used to estimate problems in physical and mental health. Behavioral psychopathy tendencies and especially impulsive and erratic behavior turned out to be positively related both to physical and mental health problems. On the other hand, Interpersonal and Affective psychopathy features were mostly unrelated or negatively related to health problems. Finally, Antisocial and especially Lifestyle characteristics turned out to be significant mediators of the link between dysfunctional family characteristics and health problems. Research results showed that narrow psychopathy facets are differentially related to health status. Psychopathic lifestyle and criminal behavior are positively related with problems in physical and mental health, while manipulative characteristics and affective shallowness are associated with better health. The results are in accordance with the concept of successful psychopathy and evolutionary accounts on psychopathy. Key words: psychopathy, physical and mental health, family dysfunctions, successful psychopathy, human evolutionary ecology Highlights:• We explored the relations between psychopathy, dysfunctional family, and health.• Factor 2 psychopathy traits (Lifestyle and Antisocial) were positively related to health problems. • Factor 1 traits (Interpersonal and Affective) were negatively related to health problems. • Factor 2 traits mediated the relations between dysfunctional family relations and health problems.

The objective of this study was to examine the relations between psychopathy - as assessed by ratings (PCL-R) and by self-report (SRP3) - on one side, and The Five-Factor personality Model - expanded to include the traits Amorality and Disintegration - on the other. Both methods examined four traits of psychopathy: interpersonal, affective, lifestyle and antisocial characteristics. Data were collected on a sample of 112 male convicts. The results show the absence of congruence between the two methods - self-report and rating - in case of interpersonal and affective psychopathic dispositions. This incongruence is also reflected in their relations with personality traits. The self-report measures and the ratings of Lifestyle and Antisocial tendencies are related to amorality, aggressiveness, schizotypy, Neuroticism and impulsivity. However, the ratings of affective and interpersonal style are related to the integrated, organized, and emotionally stable aspects of personality. The results are interpreted in the light of differences between the methods of assessment and in the light of the essential characteristics of the psychopathic phenomena.

Jedan od instrumenata koji se nejčešće koristi u proceni psihopatije je Hareova ček-lista (PCL-R) koja predstavlja rejting metod procene i operacionalizovana je preko dvadeset indikatora. Iako je instrument u upotrebi već nekoliko decenija, podaci o latentnoj strukturi ovih dvadeset indikatora psihopatije nisu jednoznačni. U literaturi je opisano nekoliko empirijski deriviranih struktura PCL-R-a: jednofaktorski model koji operacionalizuje psihopatiju kao unitarni, jednodimezionalni konstrukt; dvofaktorski koji razlikuje endogene psihopatske karakteristike ličnosti i bihejvioralne obrasce ispoljavanja psihopatije; trofaktorski model u kome su kao sržne psihopatske crte postavljene manipulativni interpersonalni stil, emocionalna površnost i impulsivnost; četvoro-faktorski model koji pored prethodno navedenih crta u sebi inkorporira i antisocijalno ponašanje individua.Podaci dobijeni u prethodnom istraživanju o latentnoj strukturi psihopatije merene preko PCL-R-a u Srbiji nisu podržali ni jedan od prethodno opisanih modela. Za potrebe ovog rada prikupljeni su i analizirani podaci sa svih PCL-R protokola administriranih u Srbiji do sada. U pitanju su podaci dobijeni od 406 osuđenih lica (prosečni uzrast 34 godine, SD = 9.98) koja su kaznu izdržavala u četiri kazneno-popravne institucije u Srbiji. Pored podataka sa PCL-R skale, njima su administrirane i mere samoprocenjene psihopatije (SRP 3) i Dezintegracije, odnosno šizotipije (DELTA 10). Iz osuđeničkih dosijea preuzete su i mere o kriminalnom recidivu ispitanika.Rezultati eksploratorne faktorske analize pokazali su da variranje opserviranih indikatora psihopatije najoptimalnije opisuje pet faktora. Ključna distinkcija u odnosu na četvorofaktorski Hareov model je diferencijacija Impulsivnosti i Životnog stila iz originalnog faktora Životnog stila opisanog u ranijoj literaturi. Odnosi sa samoprocenjenom psihopatijom, Dezintegracijom i kriminalnim recidivom ispitanika potvrđuju distinktivnost dve novodobijene crte. Takođe, rezultati konfirmatorne faktorske analize pokazali su da petofaktorski model ima bolje indekse podesnosti u odnosu na sve ostale koji su testirani. Štaviše, najuspešnije objašnjenje empirijskih podataka ima model u kojima su manipulativni interpersonalni stil, površni afektivitet i impulsivnost postavljeni kao endogene a životni stil i antisocijalnost kao egzogene varijable. Ovi nalazi podržavaju zapravo trofaktorski model psihopatije koji je u ranijim istraživanjima dobijen ne samo eksploracijom latentne strukture PCL-R-a, već i drugih instrumenata za ispitivanje psihopatije. Po trofaktorskom modelu manipulativne tendencije, afektivitet i impulsivnost su sržne, endogene psihopatske crte ličnosti dok antisocijalne tendencije (i određeni aspekti životnog stila u ovom istraživanju) mogu predstavljati neke od bihejvioralnih manifestacija sržnih psihopatskih dispozicija.

This study looked for a General Factor of Personality (GFP) in a sample of male convicts (N=226; mean age 32 years). The GFP was extracted from seven broad personality traits: FFM factors, Amoralism (the negative pole of the lexical Honesty-Humility factor) and Disintegration (operationalization of Schizotypy). Three first-order factors were extracted, labeled Dysfunctionality, Antisociality and Openness, and GFP was found through the hierarchical factor analysis. The nature of the GFP was explored through analysis of its relations with markers of fast Life-History strategy and covitality. The results demonstrated that the GFP is associated with unrestricted sexual behavior, medical problems, mental problems, early involvement in criminal activity and stability of criminal behavior. The evidence shows that the GFP is a meaningful construct on the highest level of personality structure. It may represent a personality indicator of fitness-related characteristics and could be useful in research of personality in an evolutionary context.