Aim of present work was to summarize existing proof of clinical presentation, symptoms and maternal outcomes of coronavirus-2 throughout pregnancy. Methods Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar have been searched for relevant researches published from January 1, 2020 to June 30, 2020, and the following search according to Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms was applied in each database accordingly: "clinical features," "manifestations," "outcomes, maternal outcomes" "COVID

Objective: To assess the relationship of between isolated oligohydramnios at the last few weeks of pregnancy with mode of delivery and evaluate its role in failure of induction of labor and its role in increase rate of caesarian section. Study design: This is a prospective-observational study included 70 pregnant women, 35 of them with normal amount of liquor (control group), and the other 35 pregnant women with isolated oligohydramnios diagnosed according to ultrasound criteria (amniotic fluid index (AFI) of 5 cm, single deepest pocket of 2 cm) (study group) , all pregnant women at (37-40 weeks) of gestation, attended the ante-natal care unit (ANC) unit in Nu'man teaching hospital and the outpatient private clinics in Hay Aljameaa/ Al-Harthya in Baghdad from December 2020 till April 2021. Results: Study group includes 35 pregnant women with isolated oligohydramnios and the control group includes 35 pregnant women with normal AFI after matching of other inclusion criteria (maternal age, parity and gestational age) for both groups, there is a significant difference between the study and control group in mode of delivery as the highest percent of women with IO delivered by cesarean section (68.57%) while the highest percent of women with normal AFI delivered vaginally (74.29%). There is a statistical difference in the rate of cesarean section due to abnormal doppler study before induction of labor (p value= 0.0500), there is significant difference in mean birth weigh between both study groups (P-value= 0.0380), with the statistically significant differences in Apgar score at 1 minute and 5 minutes ≥7/10 (P-value = 0.0047, 0.0253) respectively. With high level of significance about neonatal intensive care unit admission (NICU) > 24 hrs (P-value= 0.0110). Conclusions: Pregnancies with isolated oligohydramnios are associated with increased rate of development of fetal distress, meconium-stained liquor, rate of caesarean delivery, NICU admission and low birth weight. Rate of cesarean for fetal distress is increased because of increased rate of induction of labor in women with oligohydramnios. The study does not suggest any root for delivery of pregnancies with IO, It is better to give the patient chance of spontaneous labor (if there is no fetal distress) with close monitoring for the fetal heart rate during labor. Cesarean section is indicated for IO with fetal distress at any stage of labor to decrease perinatal morbidity and mortality. Further studies may be required to evaluate the long-term consequences of isolated oligohydramnios.

To assess the relationship of between isolated oligohydramnios at the last few weeks of pregnancy with mode of delivery and evaluate its role in failure of induction of labor and its role in increase rate of caesarian section. This is a case-control study was carried out including 70 pregnant women,35 of them with normal amount of liquor (control group), and the other 35 pregnant women with isolated oligohydramnios diagnosed according to ultrasound criteria (amniotic fluid index of 5 cm, single deepest pocket of 2 cm) (study group) , all pregnant women at (37-40 weeks) of gestation, attended the ANC unit in Nu'man Teaching Hospital and the outpatient private clinics in Hay Aljameaa/ Al-Harthya in Baghdad from December 2020 till April 2021. Study group includes 35 pregnant women with isolated oligohydramnios and the control group includes 35 pregnant women with normal AFI after matching of other inclusion criteria (maternal age, parity and gestational age) for both groups, there is a significant difference between the study and control group in mode of delivery as the highest percent of women with IO delivered by cesarean section (68.57%) while the highest percent of women with normal AFI delivered vaginally (74.29%). There is a statistical difference in the rate of cesarean section due to abnormal doppler study before induction of labor (p value= 0.0500), there is significant difference in mean birth weigh between both study groups (P-value= 0.0380), with the statistically significant differences in Apgar score at 1 minute and 5 minutes ?7/10 (P-value = 0.0047, 0.0253) respectively. With high level of significancy about neonatal intensive care unit admission (NICU)Admission > 24hrs (P-value= 0.0110). Pregnancies with isolated oligohydramnios are associated with increased rate of development of fetal distress, meconium-stained liquor, rate of caesarean delivery, NICU admission and low birth weight. Rate of cesarean for fetal distress is increased because of increased rate of induction of labor in the women with oligohydramnios. The study does not suggest any root for delivery of pregnancies with IO, It is better to give the patient chance of spontaneous labor (if there is no fetal distress) with close monitoring for the fetal heart rate during labor. Cesarean section is indicated for IO with fetal distress at any stage of labor to decrease perinatal morbidity and mortality. Further studies may be required to evaluate the long-term consequences of isolated oligohydramnios.

To evaluate and analyze the microbiomes component of the vagina in females with polycystic ovarian syndrome PCOS, and compare it with that of healthy females. A case- control study included 120 participants, 60 had been diagnosed as having PCOS according to the Rotterdam Criteria for diagnosis of PCOS and the other 60 are healthy females visiting the outpatient private clinics in Hay Aljameaa/ Al-Harthya in Baghdad from October 2020 till march 2021 for different medical problems, statistical analysis was done by using the SPSS computer application for statistical analysis. Both study groups had L. crispatus in their vagina, while for L. jensonii 93.33% of control group have this microbiota while only 66.66% of PCOS group have it, L. gasseri presents in the vagina of 80% of controls and only 38.33% of PCOS. S. aureus in 41.66% of PCOS group and only 3.33% of control group, S. epidermidis presents in 25% of PCOS females while it not presents in control group. Str. Pyogenes presents in 36.67% of PCOS group and absent in control group (p< 0.0001), Str. Agalactiae presents in 26.67% of PCOS group and 1.67% of control group. Bacteroides presents in 30% of PCOS cases and only in 1.67% of controls (p< 0.0001). For other types of vaginal microbiota e.g. Gardnerella vaginalis we found that it presents in high percentage of PCOS group 66.67% and absent in females of control group, Prevotella spp presents in 55% of PCOS group and only 3.33% of control group, Mobiluncus spp and Fusobacterium spp were absent in both study groups. For candida species, C. albicans presents in 30% and 6.67% of vagina of PCOS and control group respectively. There is large diversity in the vaginal microbiota with disruption to normal flora in PCOS affected patients so We need further studies to evaluate the relationship between the microbiota and different PCOS symptoms.

BACKGROUND Nexplanon is a pregnancy-prevention device that is both safe and reliable. It is a novel reversible long-term contraceptive technique. It's a modern long-acting contraceptive device with a subcutaneous implant that releases etonogestrel (ENG). The main objective of this research was to determine the distribution, tolerability, and adverse reactions of Nexplanon among females who used it in Baghdad and find any relationship between these side effects and the acceptability of the device among contraceptive users. METHODS This study was done via the participation of 80 women who were using Nexplanon at the time of study or had recently removed the implant; the data was obtained from a direct interview and medical records. RESULTS The total number of women enrolled for the study was 80. The mean age of contributors was 33.24 (± 2.69) years. None of the participants was nulliparous; 15 % had two children, 85 % had three or more children. Of the participants, 26.25 % and 65 % had secondary and higher education degrees respectively, while only 7 % had primary education and none of the participants had any education. 6.25 % were smokers, only 28.75 % had irregular cycle and the remaining percentage had a regular one. 57 (71.25 %) of them underwent adverse events while using the contraceptive implant, the most common one was bleeding disorders most likely in the form of light intermittent bleeding. 69 (86.25 %) from those only 18 (26.08 %) removed implant because of this irritant bleeding, the next common adverse event was headache 44 (55 %), 8 (18.18 %) of them removed the implant because of headache, 41 (51.25 %) underwent variable mood swing changes, 36 (45 %) suffered from weight gain with use of the implant, 33 (41.25 %) nausea and bowel habits changes, androgenic effects presented in 19 (23.75 %) and 10 (12.5 %) in the form of acne and hirsutism, respectively. 3 (10.34 %) of them removed the device as they could not cope with this complication, only 6 (7.5 %) suffered from low sexual desire. CONCLUSIONS Nexplanon can be a suitable alternative for women who have been adequately informed about long-term contraception but bleeding disturbances and cycle durations (> 8 days) are also key indicators for early removal. The process of consulting the patient and giving them the appropriate educational advice on this subject should be a priority before using the implant, in addition to establishing special induction and educational programs. KEY WORDS Nexplanon, Contraception Method Contraception Method, A Subcutaneous Implant and Etonogestrel.