A π-conjugated polymer (PBQT) containing bis-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-benzo [1,2-b’] bithiophene (BDT) units alternated with a quinoline-vinylene trimer was obtained by the Stille reaction. The chemical structure of the polymer was verified by nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF). The intrinsic photophysical properties of the solution were evaluated by absorption and (static and dynamic) fluorescence. The polymer PBQT exhibits photochromism with a change in absorption from blue (449 nm) to burgundy (545 nm) and a change in fluorescence emission from green (513 nm) to orange (605 nm) due to conformational photoisomerization from the trans to the cis isomer, which was supported by theoretical calculations DFT and TD-DFT. This optical response can be used in optical sensors, security elements, or optical switches. Furthermore, the polymer forms spin-coated films with absorption properties that cover the entire visible range, with a maximum near the solar emission maximum. The frontier molecular orbitals, HOMO and LUMO, were calculated by cyclic voltammetry, and values of −5.29 eV and −3.69, respectively, and a bandgap of 1.6 eV were obtained, making this material a semiconductor with a good energetic match. These properties could suggest its use in photovoltaic applications.
El diseño y síntesis de macromoléculas orgánicas conjugadas es de interés en el área de la optoelectrónica, para la fabricación de dispositivos optoelectrónicos, tales como celdas solares orgánicas, celdas solares tipo perovskita, OLEDS, Transistores delgados de efecto de campo orgánicos, sensores, etc. En este trabajo se reporta la simulación molecular mediante DFT de un dendrímero de tipo resorcinareno con segmentos de quinolina y tiofeno en la periferia, designado como D. El dendrímero se sintetizo siguiendo el método convergente de acoplamiento del dendrón quinolínico al centro. El dendrímero D fue caracterizado mediante espectroscopia de 1H-RMN, FT-IR. El estudio de las propiedades ópticas se realizó mediante espectroscopia de UV vis y Fluorescencia estática y dinámica, los resultados indican que el dendrímero presenta una emisión máxima a 574 nm que se ubica en la región verde del espectroelectromagnético. El cálculo del band gap óptico y teórico fue de 2.78 y 3.3 eV respectivamente lo que ubica a este material, dentro de los semiconductores orgánicos. Los valores teóricos de los niveles de energía de los orbitales frontera HOMO y LUMO de 5.52 y 2.18 eV, sugieren su posible aplicación como HTL (hole transfer layer) en la fabricación de una celda solar orgánica de heterounión.
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