No abstract

As we mark the centenary of international research cooperation, humanity faces its biggest challenge ever-to live sustainably on the planet. It has never been more important for our society to understand and value science. The International Research Council (IRC), founded in 1919, comprised 16 national academies Aboriginal fish farms atop volcanoes For many thousands of years, the Gunditjmara Aboriginal people have been re-engineering their landscape at the top of the Newer Volcanics Province in southeast Australia in response to volcanic eruptions and changes in climate. The Budj Bim site was last month designated by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization as a World Heritage site (see go.nature. com/2yg5krt). After Budj Bim erupted between 36,000 and 42,000 years ago, the Gunditjmara built a system of weirs, channels and ponds to manage water flows across the 120-square-kilometre Tyrendarra lava flow to harvest Kooyang eels (Anguilla australis). They maintained these networks over generations, preserving and modifying the infrastructure as needed. This aquaculture system is thought to have supported one of the largest population settlements in Australia before Europeans arrived. The Gunditjmara continue to use these traditional mechanical and engineering practices. Their resilience, relationship with and management of the landscape are a striking example of adaptation to changes in climate and land use.

China's burgeoning outbound tourist market has become a priority for Australian tourism, with national and state tourism reports advocating for 'China-ready' marketing, policy and planning and increased industry training around Chinese consumer behaviour and preferences to capitalise on this market. However, studies demonstrate that Chinese tourists are generally not interested in Indigenous tourism experiences. Nevertheless, the state of Victoria is adamant about investing in Indigenous-themed tourism products which are considered appropriate for Chinese preferences in an attempt to attract tourists from this growing inbound market. This article presents a review of relevant state government policies relating to Indigenous tourism alongside a case study of the tourism experiences developed and provided by Gunditjmara people along the Budj Bim CulturalLandscape in southwest Victoria. We demonstrate the ways that notions of 'authenticity' continue to shape, and constrain, Indigenous economic engagement and participation via tourism, and discuss the impact of these notions on the provision of Indigenous tourism products and experiences for Chinese and other visitors. We argue that the marketing of Gunditjmara tourism to fluctuating market demand highlights the arbitrariness of Australian governments' policies 52 | BOAG et Al.

Although this article was published in the previous journal issue, it is part of the special issue ''Indigenous participation and partnerships in aquatic research and management'' edited by David A. Crook, Michael M. Douglas, Alison J. King and Stephen Schnierer for the journal of Rev Fish Biol Fisheries. Please see volume 26 pages 589-600 for this paper.