Background: Despite extensive research on risk factors and mechanisms, the extent to which interpregnancy interval (IPI) affects hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in high-income countries remains unclear.Objectives: To examine the association between IPI and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in a high-income country setting using both within-mother and betweenmother comparisons. Methods: A retrospective population-based cohort study was conducted among 103 909 women who delivered three or more consecutive singleton births (n = 358 046) between 1980 and 2015 in Western Australia. We used conditional Poisson regression with robust variance, matching intervals of the same mother and adjusted for factors that vary within-mother across pregnancies, to investigate the association between IPI categories (reference 18-23 months), and the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. For comparison with previous studies, we also applied unmatched Poisson regression (between-mother analysis). Results:The incidence of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension during the study period was 4%, and 2%, respectively. For the between-mother comparison, mothers with intervals of 6-11 months had lower risk of preeclampsia with adjusted relative risk (RR) 0.92 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.85, 0.98) compared to reference category of 18-23 months. With the within-mother matched design, we estimated a larger effect of long IPI on risk of preeclampsia (RR 1.29, 95% CI 1.18, 1.42 for 60-119 months; and RR 1.30, 95% CI 1.10, 1.53 for intervals ≥120 months) | 405 GEBREMEDHIN Et al.

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CONTEXT: Vaccination during pregnancy is an effective strategy for preventing infant disease; however, little is known about early childhood health after maternal vaccination. OBJECTIVES: To systematically review the literature on early childhood health associated with exposure to influenza vaccines in utero.

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