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Background: Corona virus infection has become a public health problem in the 2020. This retrospective pilot study aims to determine the prevalence of risk factors and protective factors among patients with COVID-19. Study Design, case control study in a hospital Subjects and Methods: This study included 147 cases ofCOVID-19, confirmed by rt PCR test conducted by the Chief Medical Officer of Moradabad, India. Validated questionnaires as instruments/tools were used to diagnose risk factors and protective factors among patients (n=147), and age and sex-matched healthy subjects (n=150), above 18 years of age in both the groups. Results: The prevalence of risk factors, travel history in areas infected with COVID-19, contact with Jamat, tobacco consumption, Western-type diet were significantly (P< 0.05) more common among patients with COVID-19 compared to the control group. Congested housing and over-crowding in the house were also significantly (P<0.01) more common among patients compared with control subjects. There were a significantly(P<0.01) lower prevalence of physical activity, music listening, yoga practice, moderate alcohol intake, and intake of herbs and nutraceuticals among COVID-19 patients compared to the control group. Conclusions: Travel from COVID-19 infected area, contact with Jamat, tobacco consumption, Western-type foods, congested housing, and overcrowding in houses were significant risk factors among patients with COVID-19. Lack of physical activity, quarantine in house, lockdown in house, lockdown in the street, and lockdown in the city as well as Indo-Mediterranean type diets, yoga practice, and moderate alcohol intake were possible protective factors which may inhibit COVID-19 and its complications.

Introduction: Stress in healthcare workers in the hospital is a series of harmful physiological and psychological reactions to situations in which certain job requirements are not in line with its capabilities. Aim: The purpose of this study was to identify the presence of stress in health care workers in the hospital conditions of the Clinical Center of Montenegro in Podgorica. Material and Methods: A descriptive research method was chosen. The sample consisted of persons of both sexes. 113 randomly selected respondents participated in the research, the target group is respondents employed at the Clinical Center of Montenegro, the Institute of Pediatrics, of which 27% are doctors and 73% nurses-technicians, of different education. An anonymous survey questionnaire compiled for the purposes of this research was used as a research instrument. It includes the working population of nurses and doctors, aged 20 to 65. Results: Measuring stress levels in health workers 27 variables were identified as potential causes of stress. Respondents point out "inadequate personal income" (68.14%) as the major cause of stress. More than a half of the respondents (50.44 %), point out that the biggest cause of stress is "Work overload". In third place is "Misinformation of patients from the media and other sources" (46.02%). As with previous considerations, it is evident that different causes of stress are treated differently in relation to the organizational unit in which the employee performs work duties. Conclusion: The biggest causes of stress, and therefore psychosomatic illnesses, are fear, worry and guilt. Lack of time, work pressures, deadlines, high expectations, but also many other factors can affect the occurrence of stress. Precisely for the above reasons, and having in mind the nature of work, this research sought to contribute to measuring how certain stressors can affect employees in a health care institution.

Telemedicine can be broadly defined as the use of telecommunication technologies to provide medical information and services. The COVID-19 pandemic has once again focused on the use of digital technologies in the daily work of health workers, and above all doctors. Digital technologies enable the doctor to contact the patient via a secure network without personal contact. COVID-19 has forced us to adapt to the new situation. In Montenegro, the eHealth platform started operating in 2019, and it was upgraded in 2020. The eHealth portal provides information and enables the use of electronic services in the health system of Montenegro. The COVID-19 electronic service was developed during the COVID-19 pandemic, and it was intended for the insured people tested for the presence of a new coronavirus, in order to obtain the feedback on test results. In this way, through the electronic model of patient notification, selected doctors are warned on time about the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus through the information system, before admitting the patient to the clinic, which allows additional precautions, that is, the better prevention and greater protection of doctors and medical staff. The aim of this paper is to show the importance of telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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