Emerging in recent research on socio-technical transitions towards a low carbon economy is the question of the extent to which such transitions require centralised, intentional coordination by government. Drawing from F.A.Hayek"s conceptualisation of coordination, this paper evaluates the effectiveness of policy for low and zero carbon homes in England. A detailed analysis is presented of how policy makers address complex choices and trade-offs, as well as significant uncertainty.Particular attention is given to those policy decisions which are widely agreed by stakeholders to cause distortive effects. The focus here on the impacts of policy definition and delivery in terms of multiple evaluative criteria can complement and enrich the more process-orientated cross-sector and multi-level analyses that predominate in existing research on policy coordination. Furthermore, the coordination problems identified yield further insights into the actual and potential effectiveness of policy processes in shaping complex socio-technical transitions.3

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The transition from traditional hierarchical government to new forms of governance and planning can be overstated. The regionalisation of planning and new ambitions for spatial planning in the UK are commonly understood to have created an overcomplex system concerned with co-ordination and integration across jurisdictional spheres. However, this new governance of planning sits alongside traditional planning processes such as the public inquiry and ministerial decision. This case study of a large port development near London suggests that the emphasis upon the move to new, collaborative practices understimates the influence of traditional governmental structures. This provides cause for questioning the capacity of the current planning system to address the challenge of sustainable development, a central concern for the new planning.

Streamlining or watering down? Assessing the 'smartness' of policy and standards for the promotion of low and zero carbon homes in England 2010-15 Greenwood, D., Congreve, A. and King, M. NOTICE: this is the authors' version of a work that was accepted for publication in Energy Policy. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was

Some of the world's leading researchers in neural networks submitted their most recent results concerning their research in neural networks to the author for inclusion in this survey. Descriptive accounts of their collective papers are presented as well as a list of sources of information concerning neural networks, such as journals, books, and technical reports. The material is broken into categories related to established areas in computer science, robotics, neural modeling, and engineering.