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Recent years have seen the arrival of an array of early warning systems for the continuous on‐line detection of anomalies relating to water security and quality. Numerous methodologies and criteria have been suggested to determine the efficacy of these methods in real‐world scenarios. The authors contend that many of these evaluation techniques are deficient in evaluating all of the factors that would be essential in defining a system for deployment for the protection of key installations such as military bases. They suggest specific criteria as a means of comparing various technologies and propose a new method for determining receiver operating characteristic curves. Similar considerations should come into play in the evaluation of systems for civilian uses.