Telemedicine has the potential to be utilized as a useful adjunct but not a complete replacement for physical clinical examinations. Retinal telemedicine programs should be carefully and appropriately integrated into current clinical systems.

Diagnosis and management of pediatric retinal conditions such as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) have been evolving significantly with the availability of new technology and treatments. New imaging systems, telemedicine, tele-education, and anti‒vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) intravitreal pharmacotherapy are all changing the way we diagnose and deliver care to children with pediatric retinal disease. Fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography have the potential to improve our diagnosis and management of disease, and with improvements in retinal imaging, telemedicine is becoming more feasible. Telemedicine, tele-education, and computer-based image analysis may overcome many of the challenges we face in providing adequate care and access for children with pediatric retinal disease. Treatment options have also expanded with the use of anti-VEGF therapy. Although the use of intravitreal anti-VEGF for ROP has been documented in the literature for more than a decade, many questions still remain about its safety in the pediatric patient population. Several ongoing prospective studies are exploring the utility of anti-VEGF agents for ROP, with attention to the optimal dose of drug, systemic safety, and our understanding of recurrence of disease. This review aims to provide an update on current diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, focusing predominantly on the role of anti-VEGF therapy, for the management of ROP and other pediatric retinal vascular diseases.

More than three in 10 people living in Jordan are immigrants, with the majority being Palestinian and Syrian refugees, who have a very similar non-communicable diseases (NCDs) profile to the hosting Jordanian community. We conducted a rapid review of the literature of studies, reports, and documents on the evidence of the impact of COVID-19 on vulnerable populations in Jordan with regard to NCD during the first year of the pandemic. COVID-19-related mobility constraints and often lack of awareness of NCDs put additional burden on vulnerable populations like refugees and migrants, in particular on non-registered migrants. COVID-19 pandemic and associated mitigation measures led to disruption in routine health services, significantly impacting people living with NCDs. Ensuring to deliver a people-centered and inclusive approach that works well during COVID-19 is of paramount importance toward Universal Health Coverage (all people have access to the health services they need, when and where they need them, without financial hardship).