As humanity improves its use of technologies that can replace parts of a biological organism with ones containing mechanical or electronic components, it raises important legal and political issues. For example, the successful implantation of devices in human bodies could lead to the emergence of new cognitive and motor abilities, thereby resulting in the creation of a new class of people. Undoubtedly, this new class of people with extraordinary abilities would require a legal and governmental response. However, the question that arises is what legal rights might be given to these people, considering that they are more similar to machines than to men or women. The following legal aspects are of the utmost importance: the legal rights and responsibilities of cyborgs; the regulation of access to neuroprosthetic devices by third parties; and the limitation of the illegal use of the damaging capabilities of cyborgs. This article examines a number of laws and regulations from various jurisdictions in the United States, the European Union, South Korea and China that apply to cyborg technologies, with a particular focus on a legal doctrine that applies to neuroprostheses.

In Islamic criminal law there are no institutions the general part, in that connection, it shared the list of circumstances that exclude the criminality of an Act, not developed. In Islamic criminal law, such circumstances, according to the analysis of some of his sources are not reaching the age of responsibility, a State of insanity, mislead, commit a crime under duress, self-defense, urgency, as well as remorse. The article is devoted to the characterization of the circumstances excluding criminal liability under the criminal law of the Muslim countries professing the Anglo-Saxon system of law. Main purpose is to form an idea of the role the circumstances excluding criminal liability under the criminal law of the Muslim countries professing the Anglo-Saxon legal system in modern conditions based on foreign legal literature, and an analysis of the criminal law. The hallmark of Muslim law is a priority of the religious laws of Islam, which govern all aspects of the life of Muslims. The question of the role of the circumstances excluding criminal liability under the criminal law of the Muslim countries professing the Anglo-Saxon legal system in modern conditions is covered in Islamic law with the aim of precise qualification of perfect a criminal offence, with a view to establishing the legality of the Act.

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