The decline in the number of Native Hawaiian–owned kuleana properties is partly the result of legal frameworks surrounding heirs' property adjudication, which does not easily allow families with multiple owners to collectivize their interests. As a result, families are made vulnerable to land dispossession by developers' use of quiet title and partition actions through the courts. Based on fieldwork that incorporates ethnography and archival research, I explore the disjunction of kin‐based patterns of inheritance within a culturally Western legal framework that values one owner, one property scenario. A novel analysis of heirs' property reveals the extent to which current legal doctrine is inherently unsuited to address both real and intangible inheritance patterns, thereby creating property and wealth destruction characteristic of a tragedy of the anticommons.
The hominin fossil record in Southeast Asia comes predominantly from Indonesia. The earliest fossil specimens come from Sangiran and Mojokerto, which may be as old as 1.8 million years. Sangiran fossils show a set of regional characteristics that continue in later specimens from Ngandong. Traits include a long and low cranial shape, receding forehead, sagittal keel, thick and projecting supraorbital torus, and well‐developed nuchal torus. These morphological similarities are also found with coeval specimens from Africa. Within the Indonesian fossil record, encephalization and gracilization are observed, which echo the global trend of human evolution. The chronic and persistent problem of unreliable dates for Asian fossils is slowly being addressed with modern developments in the field. Systematic studies of the fossil specimens from Thailand, the Philippines, and Taiwan are yet to be conducted. The Southeast Asian fossil record continues to show that the pattern of human evolution is intricate and multilayered.
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