There is limited evidence that the addition of CHM to clomiphene is associated with improved clinical pregnancy outcomes and no other evidence of any other effect. The methodology of RCTs was not adequately reported by primary studies.

Editorial group: Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Group. Publication status and date: New search for studies and content updated (no change to conclusions), published in Issue 7, 2019.

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Background Historically, oestrogen and progesterone were each commonly used to save threatened pregnancies. In the 1940s it was postulated that their combined use would be synergistic and thereby led to the rationale of combined therapy for women who risked miscarriage. Objectives To determine the efficacy and safety of combined oestrogen and progesterone therapy to prevent miscarriage.