Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have an important role in agriculture because of the benefits on plant and ecosystem. However, mycorrhizal association is affected by many factors such as vegetation and farming conditions. In this study, AMF system on soil and roots of coffee were investigated from two coffee farms with different cultivation method in Lam Dong Province, one was not applied fertilizer in 4 years and the other was conventional. The density, the type of mycorrhizal spore and fungal infection rate on coffee roots are different between two coffee farms. Based on morphology, there are 119 types of AMF spore in both coffee farms and most of them belongs to genera Acaulospora, Gigaspora, Entrophospora and Glomus. Spore types RE7, W6 and W1 belonged to Acaulospora and Y5 belonged to Entrophospora appeared in both farms. Besides, spore types B7, RE10, Yc, RE1 and Y1 were recorded in high density (1-4 spores /g soil). All of them were the potential strains for developing the VAM fertilizer specialized to coffee plantation.
Coffee (Coffea spp.) is one of important industrial crops. Additionally, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) provide many benefits for plants such as increasing nutrient uptake, enhancing tolerance in drought and stress
condition, etc. Therefore, preservation and propagation of AMF spores collected from coffee’s rhizosphere are necessary for coffee cultivation. The AMF preservation on coffee plant is not feasible because coffee is a long-term plants, which led to study on symbiotic ability of AMF on several short-term host plants (maize (Zea mays), plantain (Plantago spp.), rice (Oryza sativa), beggarticks (Bidens pilosa), and bahia grass (Pensacola bahia)) to maintain AM association. Investigation of symbiosis ability with four types of AMF spores showed that maize had the highest rate of fungal infection. The total number of AMF spore per 50g soil after 3 months of inoculation on maize reached 352 spores, which was 4.1 times higher than that of the origin while the lowest figure recorded in bahia grass is with only 2.3 times.
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