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Figure 11. Application of cholinium BILs in encapsulation and targeted delivery. Usage of cholinium BILs enhances the biocompatibility of aggregated structures lowering the propensity of attack and metabolic breakdown by the immune system prior to reaching the targeted delivery spot. a) Encapsulation and delivery of nucleic acids using DNA amphiphiles, self-assembled with lysosomal phospholipid base choline BIL. Reproduced with permission. [133] Copyright 2020, John Wiley and Sons. b) Ester-functionalized SAILs based on nicotine BILs forming aggregates. Reproduced with permission. [130] Copyright 2017, Elsevier. c) Cholinium and other ammonium IL-based drug nanocarriers where chloride anions of the polymer chain ion are exchanged with the pharmaceutical anions for improved drug delivery. Reproduced with permission. [129] Copyright 2021, MDPI.