In this article the term "teacher" is used to mean an instructor in a grade school or high school. The term "professor" means an instructor in a college or university. Occasionally, the term "faculty member" is used as shorthand to refer to either a teacher or a professor. Some of the court decisions cited "teacher" broadly to include either a teacher or a professor. The distinction between "teacher" and "professor" is useful as grade school and high school teachers traditionally have different responsibilities from college and university professors. For example, college and university professors are typically expected to write and publish scholarship such as journal articles or books in addition to teaching. Grade school and high school teachers are typically not expected to produce published scholarship. The distinction is thus relevant when, for example, a court must determine the scope of employment for copyright law purposes. Finally, the term "educational institution" is occasionally used as shorthand to refer to a grade school, high school, college or university.

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