Sexual morphogenesis phase of the epiphytic ferns Microgramma mortoniana and Pleopeltis macrocarpa (Polypodiaceae) from Punta Lara Natural Reserve, Buenos Aires, Argentina. The Punta Lara Natural Reserve is located on the riverside of the La Plata River in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is the Southernmost relict in the world of subtropical riparian forest. The epiphytic ferns studied in this work belong to the Polypodiaceae family: Microgramma mortoniana and Pleopeltis macrocarpa. Plant communities are subject to high levels of anthropization and introduction of exotic species. The goals of this work are to provide information on the morphogenesis of epiphytic gametophytes and to extend knowledge of their life cycles, contributing to their conservation. Sowing was carried out in Dyer medium. In both species the spores are monolete, ellipsoidal, yellowish and with verrucate sculpture. The equatorial diameter is 60-61 μm, the polar diameter is 39-42 μm. The germination is the Vittaria type; in M. mortoniana occurs at 20 days, while in P. macrocarpa occurs at six days. The filaments are uniseriate of 3-6 cells in length. The gametophyte development is Drynaria type. The cordated form is given after 40 days. In M. mortoniana, buds originated after 40 days. In P. macrocarpa, after 120 days, clathrate trichomes scale-like appear mainly on the margins of the gametophyte. The gametangia are typical of leptosporangiate ferns. The sporophyte of M. mortoniana emerged after 120 days and that of P. macrocarpa arose after 500 days, its blades are simple, spatulate and unicellular and multicellular branching hairs were observed. The germination pattern, gametophyte development, the presence of a lipid globule in the prothalic cell and the formation of unicellular capitated hairs are relevant characters that could be considered for systematic group. The delay in the formation of sporophytes through sexual reproduction, allows us to infer that the success of their establishment in situ would be given by the vegetative reproduction through creeping rhizomes and buds of gametophytes. Rev. Biol. Trop. 66(3): 1078-1089. Epub 2018 September 01.

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Desarrollo del gametofito y conservación de Ctenitis submarginalis (Dryopteridaceae) en la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Se estudió la germinación de las esporas y el desarrollo del gametofito de Ctenitis submarginalis de la Reserva Natural Punta Lara, provincia de Buenos Aires como contribución a la conservación de la especie en ésta área protegida. Las esporas colectadas de las poblaciones naturales fueron sembradas en medio de Dyer y la germinación se produjo a los seis días, con un porcentaje de germinación del 88 % a los 15 días después de la siembra. La germinación es del tipo Vittaria y el desarrollo del gametofito tipo Aspidium. El gametofito de Ctenitis submarginalis es cordado, con una profunda escotadura y alas simétricas bien desarrolladas. Los gametangios aparecen a los 50 días después de la siembra. El esporofito emerge a los 190 días después de la siembra y dos tipos diferentes de pelos se observaron en la primera lámina. La germinación in-vitro a través de esporas es un método exitoso para la obtención de numerosos esporofitos de Ctenitis submarginalis. Los esporofitos obtenidos fueron gradualmente aclimatados, transplantados a su hábitat natural en la reserva y serán periódicamente monitoreados para contribuir a la conservación de la especie.

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